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ANAT 214 > Lab 4: Nasal and Oral Cavities, Mastication > Flashcards

Lab 4: Nasal and Oral Cavities, Mastication Flashcards

1
Q

describe how lacrimal bone contributes to nasal cavity

A

lateral walls
sup/ant

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2
Q

describe how nasal bone contributes to nasal cavity

A

lateral walls
sup/ant

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3
Q

describe how ethmoid bone contributes to nasal cavity

A

roof and medial wall = perpendicular plate
lateral wall = concha

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4
Q

describe how maxilla contributes to nasal cavity

A

floor (hard palate) and lateral walls
anterior

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5
Q

describe how palatine contributes to nasal cavity

A

floor (hard palate) and lateral walls
posterior

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6
Q

describe how sphenoid contributes to nasal cavity

A

roof and posterior lateral walls

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7
Q

describe how vomer contributes to nasal cavity

A

medial wall
roof

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8
Q

what are meatuses

A

spaces underneath

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9
Q

which bones contribute to each conchae

A

superior and middle conchae = ethmoid
inferior concha = maxilla, but inf concha is own bone tho

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10
Q

describe how the pharynx’s are divided

A

nasopharynx –soft palate– oropharnyx –epiglottis– laryngopharnx

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11
Q

describe eustachian tube

A

closed - squished on middle ear side

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12
Q

describe drainage of sinuses

A

lacrimal duct drains into inferior meatus
fontal, maxillary and ethmoid sinuses drain into middle meastus
sphenoidal sinus drains into sphenoethmoidal recess

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13
Q

describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - name the nerves/structures

A

maxillary nerve branches = nasal nerves and nasopalatine
sphenopalatine artery = nasal and septal branches
ethmoidal nerves
olfactory nerve

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14
Q

describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - maxillary

A

Maxillary (v2) nerve branches
enters via sphenopalatine foramen (next to eustachian tube) and splits =
nasal nerves = lateral walls (lower parts, inf and mid conchae)
nasopalatine nerves - medial and travels to palates via incisive foramen

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15
Q

describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - sphenopalatine arteries

A

maxillary artery –> sphenopalatine artery –> nasal (lateral walls) and septal (travels with nasopalatine nerve) branches

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16
Q

describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - ethmoidal nerves and arteries

A

ethmoidal nerves (ant portion branch of nasociliary) = from ophthalmic v1
ethmoidal arteries = from ophthalmic aerated (branch ICA)
ethmoidal arteries enter anterior ethmoidal foramen

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17
Q

describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - olfactory nerve

A

superior concha
superior aspect
perpendicular plate
medial and lateral
ONLY ETHMOID

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18
Q

describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - how we divide nose

A

ant/sup and inf/post

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19
Q

describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - how we divide nose = ANT/SUP

A

Innervation = ophthalmic v1 –> nasociliary n –> anterior ethmoid nerve
blood supply =ophthalmic a (ICA) –> ethmoidal arteries (medial and lateral walls)
ENTER via anterior ethmoid foramen

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20
Q

describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - how we divide nose = INF/POST

A

Innervation =
maxillary v2 –>
nasopalatine (medial wall) -> palate (through incisive foramen)
nasal nerves (lateral aspect, inf/mid conchae)
blood supply =
maxillary a –> sphenopalatine a –>
nasal branches (lateral aspect w/ nasal nerve)
septal branches (medial wall septum)
ENTERS via sphenopalatine foramen

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21
Q

describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - special sensory

A

olfactory –>ethmoid = medial (perpendicular plate) and lateral (sup concha)

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22
Q

what do palatoglossal and palatoopharyngeal arches repesent

A

folds over muscles
covered in mucosa

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23
Q

describe the bones that contribute to the hard palate

A

maxilla and palatine
floor of nasal = roof of oral

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24
Q

identify and describe the foramina of the hard palate

A

greater (front, bigger) and lesser (behind, smaller) palatine foramina
incisive foramen = nasapalatine nerve and sphenopalatine artery enter

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25
Q

name muscles of muscular floor of mouth

A

mylohyoid
geniohyoid

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26
Q

describe muscles of muscular floor of mouth - mylohyoid

A

attachment = hyoid to rim around mandible
function = elevate hyoid and oral cavity, depress mandible
innervation = mandibular nerve (branch called nerve to mylohyoid)

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27
Q

describe muscles of muscular floor of mouth - geniohyoid

A

attachment = hyoid to mandible (anterior base)
function = contracts, elevates, pulls up mandible and tongue (towards mandible) when swallow
innervation = C1

28
Q

name extrinsic muscles of tongue

A

genioglossus
palatoglossus
hyloglossus
styloglossus

29
Q

describe extrinsic muscles of tongue - genioglossus

A

mandible and hyoid to root of tongue
tongue protrusion

30
Q

describe extrinsic muscles of tongue - palatoglossus

A

soft palate to tongue root
elevates tongue and depresses soft palate (closes OI)

31
Q

describe extrinsic muscles of tongue - hyoglossus

A

hyoid to tongue root
bilateral = depression and retraction
unilateral = flips tongue

32
Q

describe extrinsic muscles of tongue - styloglossus

A

styloid process of temporal to tongue root
Elevates and retracts tongue

33
Q

name and describe intrinsic muscles of tongue

A

Longitudinal fibers
vertical fibers
horizontal/transverse fibers

34
Q

describe extrinsic muscles of tongue - innervations

A

palatoglossus = VAGUS
genio, hyo, stylo glossus= HYPOGLOSSAL

35
Q

describe the relationship of the submandibular gland with the mylohyoid

A

submand bites mylohyoid

36
Q

where does submandibular gland drain

A

drains underneath = caruncle

37
Q

where is sublingual gland located

A

inferior to tongue

38
Q

where does sublingual gland drain

A

row of openings

39
Q

describe the position and drainage of parotid gland

A

pierces buccinator
anterior to ear
overlays masseter

40
Q

describe parasympathetic innervation to 3 major salivary glands

A

parotid = CN IX = glossopharyngeal
submand and subling = CN VII = facial

41
Q

describe neurovascular supply to palates and oral cavity - pathway of greater and lesser palatine nerves and arteries

A

travel in greater palatine canal (below sphenopalatine foramen) –> nerves descend via foramina (greater and lesser palatine foramina)

42
Q

describe neurovascular supply to palates and oral cavity - pathway of greater and lesser palatine nerves and arteries HOW DO THEY MAKE THEIR WAY INTO ORAL CAVITY

A

nerves descend via foramina (greater and lesser palatine foramina)

43
Q

describe neurovascular supply to palates and oral cavity - WHERE CAN YOU FIND DESCENDING PALATINE ARTERY

A

Descending palatine canal
terminal branches of maxillary (ECA) splits into greater and lesser palatine arteries

44
Q

describe neurovascular supply to palates and oral cavity - pathway of nasopalatine nerve

A

enter via sphenopalatine foramen –> medial nasal wall –> EXITS via incisive foramen

45
Q

describe role of lingual nerve and chorda tymapni

A

sensory innervation to ant 2/3 tongue
lingual = v3 = provides GENERAL sensory
chorda tympani= provides TASTE (facial nerve)

46
Q

what provides sensory for post 1/3 tongue

A

CN IX glosspharyngeal

47
Q

describe neurovascular supply to palates and oral cavity - GENERAL pathway

A

sphenopalatine foramen –> below = greater palatine canal –> greater and lesser palatine nerves and descending palatine a –> enter oral cavity via greater and lesser palatine foramina (as greater and lesser palatine nerves and arteries)

48
Q

describe neurovascular supply to palates and oral cavity - inferior alveolar nerve

A

through mandibular foramen –branches to mandibular teeth–> exits via mental foramen as mental nerve

49
Q

name muscles of soft palate

A

levator veli palatini
tensor veli palatini
palatopharyngeus

50
Q

describe LVP - muscles of soft palate

A

elevates post soft palate

51
Q

describe TVP - muscles of soft palate

A

tenses soft palate
flattens arch and seals off nasopharynx from oropharynx

52
Q

describe PP - muscles of soft palate

A

elevates pharynx

53
Q

describe innervation of muscles of soft palate

A

LVP & PP = vagus
TVP = v3 mandibular

54
Q

describe mandible

A

angle, body, ramus
condyle fits mandibular fossa of temporal
articular disk = joint
articular tubercle - bone goes down
depresses mandible = head glides over articular tubercle

55
Q

name muscles of mastication

A

temporalis
masseter
medial and lateral pterygoid

56
Q

describe temporalis - muscles of mastication

A

from temporal fossa to coronoid process
elevates at tmj and retracts

57
Q

describe masseter - muscles of mastication

A

parotid overlays masseter
from zygomatic arch to lateral aspect of mandible (ramus and angle)
function = elevation and protraction

58
Q

describe MEDIAL pterygoid - muscles of mastication ANATOMY

A

2 heads =
superficial = comes from maxilla and palatine
deep = medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid
attaches to medial aspect of ramus and mandible (mirror image of masseter)

59
Q

describe MEDIAL pterygoid - muscles of mastication FUNCTION

A

elevates mandible
below lateral - down to mandible

60
Q

describe LATERAL pterygoid - muscles of mastication ANATOMY

A

2 heads =
superior = greater wing sphenoid
inferior = lateral aspect of lateral pterygoid plate
goes to articular disk in tmj

61
Q

describe LATERAL pterygoid - muscles of mastication FUNCTION

A

bilateral = mandible protraction, also depression - open
unilateral = side to side movement

62
Q

describe innervation of muscles of mastication

A

all v3 = mandibular nerve
deep temporal innervates temporalis
masseteric (to masseter)= over mandibular notch
lateral and medial pterygoid nerves = to lateral and medial pterygoid muscles

63
Q

Identify teeth - types

A

incisor
canine
premolar
molar

64
Q

what is tooth formula

A

I-C-P-M (incisors, canines, premolars, molars)
2-1-2-3
x 4 quadrants = 8x4 teeth = 32

65
Q

describe how frontal contributes to nasal cavity

A

roof

ANAT 214 (34 decks)

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