Lab 4: Nasal and Oral Cavities, Mastication Flashcards
describe how lacrimal bone contributes to nasal cavity
lateral walls
sup/ant
describe how nasal bone contributes to nasal cavity
lateral walls
sup/ant
describe how ethmoid bone contributes to nasal cavity
roof and medial wall = perpendicular plate
lateral wall = concha
describe how maxilla contributes to nasal cavity
floor (hard palate) and lateral walls
anterior
describe how palatine contributes to nasal cavity
floor (hard palate) and lateral walls
posterior
describe how sphenoid contributes to nasal cavity
roof and posterior lateral walls
describe how vomer contributes to nasal cavity
medial wall
roof
what are meatuses
spaces underneath
which bones contribute to each conchae
superior and middle conchae = ethmoid
inferior concha = maxilla, but inf concha is own bone tho
describe how the pharynx’s are divided
nasopharynx –soft palate– oropharnyx –epiglottis– laryngopharnx
describe eustachian tube
closed - squished on middle ear side
describe drainage of sinuses
lacrimal duct drains into inferior meatus
fontal, maxillary and ethmoid sinuses drain into middle meastus
sphenoidal sinus drains into sphenoethmoidal recess
describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - name the nerves/structures
maxillary nerve branches = nasal nerves and nasopalatine
sphenopalatine artery = nasal and septal branches
ethmoidal nerves
olfactory nerve
describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - maxillary
Maxillary (v2) nerve branches
enters via sphenopalatine foramen (next to eustachian tube) and splits =
nasal nerves = lateral walls (lower parts, inf and mid conchae)
nasopalatine nerves - medial and travels to palates via incisive foramen
describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - sphenopalatine arteries
maxillary artery –> sphenopalatine artery –> nasal (lateral walls) and septal (travels with nasopalatine nerve) branches
describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - ethmoidal nerves and arteries
ethmoidal nerves (ant portion branch of nasociliary) = from ophthalmic v1
ethmoidal arteries = from ophthalmic aerated (branch ICA)
ethmoidal arteries enter anterior ethmoidal foramen
describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - olfactory nerve
superior concha
superior aspect
perpendicular plate
medial and lateral
ONLY ETHMOID
describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - how we divide nose
ant/sup and inf/post
describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - how we divide nose = ANT/SUP
Innervation = ophthalmic v1 –> nasociliary n –> anterior ethmoid nerve
blood supply =ophthalmic a (ICA) –> ethmoidal arteries (medial and lateral walls)
ENTER via anterior ethmoid foramen
describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - how we divide nose = INF/POST
Innervation =
maxillary v2 –>
nasopalatine (medial wall) -> palate (through incisive foramen)
nasal nerves (lateral aspect, inf/mid conchae)
blood supply =
maxillary a –> sphenopalatine a –>
nasal branches (lateral aspect w/ nasal nerve)
septal branches (medial wall septum)
ENTERS via sphenopalatine foramen
describe neurovascular supply to nasal cavities - special sensory
olfactory –>ethmoid = medial (perpendicular plate) and lateral (sup concha)
what do palatoglossal and palatoopharyngeal arches repesent
folds over muscles
covered in mucosa
describe the bones that contribute to the hard palate
maxilla and palatine
floor of nasal = roof of oral
identify and describe the foramina of the hard palate
greater (front, bigger) and lesser (behind, smaller) palatine foramina
incisive foramen = nasapalatine nerve and sphenopalatine artery enter
name muscles of muscular floor of mouth
mylohyoid
geniohyoid
describe muscles of muscular floor of mouth - mylohyoid
attachment = hyoid to rim around mandible
function = elevate hyoid and oral cavity, depress mandible
innervation = mandibular nerve (branch called nerve to mylohyoid)
describe muscles of muscular floor of mouth - geniohyoid
attachment = hyoid to mandible (anterior base)
function = contracts, elevates, pulls up mandible and tongue (towards mandible) when swallow
innervation = C1
name extrinsic muscles of tongue
genioglossus
palatoglossus
hyloglossus
styloglossus
describe extrinsic muscles of tongue - genioglossus
mandible and hyoid to root of tongue
tongue protrusion
describe extrinsic muscles of tongue - palatoglossus
soft palate to tongue root
elevates tongue and depresses soft palate (closes OI)
describe extrinsic muscles of tongue - hyoglossus
hyoid to tongue root
bilateral = depression and retraction
unilateral = flips tongue
describe extrinsic muscles of tongue - styloglossus
styloid process of temporal to tongue root
Elevates and retracts tongue
name and describe intrinsic muscles of tongue
Longitudinal fibers
vertical fibers
horizontal/transverse fibers
describe extrinsic muscles of tongue - innervations
palatoglossus = VAGUS
genio, hyo, stylo glossus= HYPOGLOSSAL
describe the relationship of the submandibular gland with the mylohyoid
submand bites mylohyoid
where does submandibular gland drain
drains underneath = caruncle
where is sublingual gland located
inferior to tongue
where does sublingual gland drain
row of openings
describe the position and drainage of parotid gland
pierces buccinator
anterior to ear
overlays masseter
describe parasympathetic innervation to 3 major salivary glands
parotid = CN IX = glossopharyngeal
submand and subling = CN VII = facial
describe neurovascular supply to palates and oral cavity - pathway of greater and lesser palatine nerves and arteries
travel in greater palatine canal (below sphenopalatine foramen) –> nerves descend via foramina (greater and lesser palatine foramina)
describe neurovascular supply to palates and oral cavity - pathway of greater and lesser palatine nerves and arteries HOW DO THEY MAKE THEIR WAY INTO ORAL CAVITY
nerves descend via foramina (greater and lesser palatine foramina)
describe neurovascular supply to palates and oral cavity - WHERE CAN YOU FIND DESCENDING PALATINE ARTERY
Descending palatine canal
terminal branches of maxillary (ECA) splits into greater and lesser palatine arteries
describe neurovascular supply to palates and oral cavity - pathway of nasopalatine nerve
enter via sphenopalatine foramen –> medial nasal wall –> EXITS via incisive foramen
describe role of lingual nerve and chorda tymapni
sensory innervation to ant 2/3 tongue
lingual = v3 = provides GENERAL sensory
chorda tympani= provides TASTE (facial nerve)
what provides sensory for post 1/3 tongue
CN IX glosspharyngeal
describe neurovascular supply to palates and oral cavity - GENERAL pathway
sphenopalatine foramen –> below = greater palatine canal –> greater and lesser palatine nerves and descending palatine a –> enter oral cavity via greater and lesser palatine foramina (as greater and lesser palatine nerves and arteries)
describe neurovascular supply to palates and oral cavity - inferior alveolar nerve
through mandibular foramen –branches to mandibular teeth–> exits via mental foramen as mental nerve
name muscles of soft palate
levator veli palatini
tensor veli palatini
palatopharyngeus
describe LVP - muscles of soft palate
elevates post soft palate
describe TVP - muscles of soft palate
tenses soft palate
flattens arch and seals off nasopharynx from oropharynx
describe PP - muscles of soft palate
elevates pharynx
describe innervation of muscles of soft palate
LVP & PP = vagus
TVP = v3 mandibular
describe mandible
angle, body, ramus
condyle fits mandibular fossa of temporal
articular disk = joint
articular tubercle - bone goes down
depresses mandible = head glides over articular tubercle
name muscles of mastication
temporalis
masseter
medial and lateral pterygoid
describe temporalis - muscles of mastication
from temporal fossa to coronoid process
elevates at tmj and retracts
describe masseter - muscles of mastication
parotid overlays masseter
from zygomatic arch to lateral aspect of mandible (ramus and angle)
function = elevation and protraction
describe MEDIAL pterygoid - muscles of mastication ANATOMY
2 heads =
superficial = comes from maxilla and palatine
deep = medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid
attaches to medial aspect of ramus and mandible (mirror image of masseter)
describe MEDIAL pterygoid - muscles of mastication FUNCTION
elevates mandible
below lateral - down to mandible
describe LATERAL pterygoid - muscles of mastication ANATOMY
2 heads =
superior = greater wing sphenoid
inferior = lateral aspect of lateral pterygoid plate
goes to articular disk in tmj
describe LATERAL pterygoid - muscles of mastication FUNCTION
bilateral = mandible protraction, also depression - open
unilateral = side to side movement
describe innervation of muscles of mastication
all v3 = mandibular nerve
deep temporal innervates temporalis
masseteric (to masseter)= over mandibular notch
lateral and medial pterygoid nerves = to lateral and medial pterygoid muscles
Identify teeth - types
incisor
canine
premolar
molar
what is tooth formula
I-C-P-M (incisors, canines, premolars, molars)
2-1-2-3
x 4 quadrants = 8x4 teeth = 32
describe how frontal contributes to nasal cavity
roof
