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ANAT 214 > Lab 6: Thoracic Wall and Lungs > Flashcards

Lab 6: Thoracic Wall and Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

name and describe the borders of the thoracic cage

A

anterior = sternum
posterior = thoracic vertebrae
lateral = ribs

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1
Q

name and describe apertures of thorax - brief

A

superior thoracic aperture (inlet) - head and neck to thorax
inferior thoracic aperture (outlet)- thorax to abdomen (closed off by diaphragm)

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2
Q

name parts of sternum

A

manubrium
manubriosternal junction
body of sternum
xiphisternal junction
xiphoid process

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3
Q

describe manubrium of sternum

A

suprasternal/jugular notch
at level of t2 posteriorly

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4
Q

describe manubriosternal junction of sternum

A

sternal angle
at level of t4/t5 posteriorly (corresponds to rib 2)

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5
Q

describe body of sternum

A

long part

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6
Q

describe xiphisternal junction of sternum

A

at level of t9 posteriorly

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7
Q

where is costal facet

A

on transverse process

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8
Q

describe costal facet on transverse process

A

articulates with tubercle of rib

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9
Q

where are vertebral demi facets

A
  • on vertebral bodies
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10
Q

describe vertebral demi facets on vertebral bodies

A

2
Articulates with head of rib

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11
Q

name and describe levels of types of ribs

A

true ribs = 1-7
false ribs = 8-10
floating ribs = 11-12

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12
Q

describe true ribs

A

attaches to sternum via costal cartilage

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13
Q

describe false ribs

A

attaches to sternum via costal margin

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14
Q

describe floating ribs

A

does not attach to sternum
no tubercle or costotransverse joint

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15
Q

describe features of typical ribs = head

A

bumpy, flat part of head

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16
Q

describe features of typical ribs = neck

A

between head and tubercle

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17
Q

describe features of typical ribs = tubercle

A

bump
articular and non articular surfaces

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18
Q

describe features of typical ribs = angle

A

Curve

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19
Q

describe features of typical ribs = costal groove

A

always inferior - at bottom
neurovasculature here
nerve for each rib inside costal groove

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20
Q

describe features of typical ribs = costal cartilage

A

attach rib to sternum

21
Q

describe vertebrae

A

body
transverse processes
spinous process
superior articular processes
inferior articular processes

22
Q

describe joints - ribs to sternum

A

costochondral joint = ribs to costal cartilage, ribs 8-10
sternocostal joint = costal cartilage to sternum

23
Q

describe atypical ribs - features

A

ribs 1 and 10-12 = lack costovertebral articulations with superior vertebrae (only articulates with superior demi facet of same # rib)

24
Q

describe sternocostal joints

A

1st rib = synchondrosis (no movement)
2-7 = synovial plane/gliding (some movement)

25
Q

describe costochondral joints

A

between sternal end of rib and costal cartilage
no movement
costal margin

26
Q

describe costovertebral joints

A

2
between head of rib and vertebral demi facets of thoracic vertebrae
articulates with superior demi facet of same numbered rib and inferior demi facet of above

27
Q

describe costotransverse joints

A

between tubercle of rib and costal facet of transverse process of thoracic vertebrae with same number

28
Q

describe interchondral joints

A

between costal cartilages
makes up costal margin
some movement
unique type of synovial joint
ribs 7-10

29
Q

which muscles used during resting respiration

A

diaphragm

30
Q

name layers of intercostal muscles

A

3 layers = external, internal and innermost

31
Q

describe external intercostal muscles

A

outside
elevate ribs and sternum during forced inspiration
ant to inf, posterior tubercle to costal cartilage

32
Q

describe internal intercostal muscles

A

sternum (ant) –> backwards to costal angle, depress ribs and sternum during forceful expiration

33
Q

describe innermost intercostal muscles

A

inside = same fiber orientation ad internal and same function

34
Q

describe transversus thoracis muscles

A

xiphoid process and body to costalc artilage 2-6
depress ribs and sternum during forceful expiration

35
Q

describe vasculature of thoracic wall

A

aorta to subclavian –> internal thoracic arteries and veins
musculophrenic a/v= blood to anterior diaphragm
internal thoracic arteries –> anterior or
posterior (from thoracic aorta)
front and back (ant and post) meet at each level = anastomoses

36
Q

describe innervation of thoracic wall

A

spinal nerves = t1-12
split, sensory, motor
somatic only anterior rami
t1-11 = intercostal
t1= subcostal
cutaneous branches = sensory to skin

37
Q

VAN

A

vein
artery
nerve
between internal and innermost intercostal muscles
ant and post intercostal nerve in costal groove = split

38
Q

describe pleurae of lungs

A

double membrane
serous fluid
fluid, neg pressure - inflate, so vol increases and pressure decreases so air goes inside

39
Q

describe parietal pleura

A

line thoracic cavity
sensory innervation from intercostal nerves and phrenic nerve

40
Q

describe visceral pleura

A

lines lung
innervated by ans, sympathetic chain (t2-6), parasympathetic - vagus nerve
together forms anterior and posterior pulmonary plexuses

41
Q

name important features of lungs - gen

A

apex and base of lungs
hilum

42
Q

name important features of lungs - right lung

A

superior, middle and inferior lobes
horizontal and oblique fissures
impressions = sup vena cava, azygous vein, esophagus

43
Q

name important features of lungs - left lung

A

superior, inferior lobes
Oblique fissure
impressions = cardiac (notch), aortic arch, descending aorta, esophagus
lingula

44
Q

describe features of right lung

A

diaphragm - liver impression
apex, base

45
Q

describe features of left lung

A

apex, base
Diaphragm - stomach impression
cardiac impression and lingula = not on right side

46
Q

what do pulmonary artery and vein carry

A

pulmonary artery = deoxy blood
pulmonary vein = oxygenated blood

47
Q

what is primary bronchus

A

airway entering into lungs

48
Q

describe lymph nodes - lung hilum

A

hilar (bronchopulmonary) lymph nodes = located in hilum of lungs
often visible as black pea shaped nodules
responsible for draining pulmonary nodes found within the deep tissues of the lung

49
Q

what keeps diaphragm alive

A

c3,4,5

50
Q

name features of trachea - descending

A

trachea with c shaped cartilage
primary bronchi
carina (trachea bifurc)
secondary bronchi
tertiary bronchi

ANAT 214 (34 decks)

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