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ANAT 214 > Lab 12: Perineum and Pelvic Neurovasculature > Flashcards

Lab 12: Perineum and Pelvic Neurovasculature Flashcards

1
Q

Describe urogenital triangle

A

apex = pubic symphysis
Line between ischial tuberosity
Lateral border = ischial pubic rami
Roof = pelvic diphragm

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2
Q

What is urogenital hiatus

A

Levator ani opening
Covered by perineal membrane

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3
Q

Describe muscle - imrpoatnt

A

Superficial transverse perineal muscles

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4
Q

Describe crura, and bulb of vestibule in afab

A

2 bulbs next to crura = bulb of vestibule
Muscle covering = bulbospongiosus

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5
Q

Describe perineal membrane a

A

Only covers urogenital triangle

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6
Q

Describe deep perineal pouch

A

Roof = pelvic floor
Floor = perineal membrane
Muscle fibres, sphincters inside, amab bulbourethral gland, external urethral sphincter, deep trasnverse perineal muscle

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7
Q

Describe bulb of penis

A

Corpus spongiosum
Covered by bulbospongiosus

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8
Q

Describe crura of penis a

A

Corpus cavernosum
Covered by ischiocavernosus muscle

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9
Q

Describe/compare erectile tissues in afab and amab

A

Amab = corpus spongiosum
Afab = bulb of vestibule
= both covered by bulbospongiosus muscle
(Crura = same, corpus cav, ischiocavernosus muscle)

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10
Q

Describe anogenital triangle

A

Ischial tub imaginary line
Coccyx = apex
Roof = pelvic diaphragm
Lateral = sacrotuberous ligament

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11
Q

Describe ischioanal fossa

A

Space, adipose tissue
Udner sacrotuberous ligament
Superior = pelvic diaphragm
Lateral = sacrotuberous and ischial tuberosity
Inferior = skin fo anal triangle

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12
Q

Describe anterior recess

A

Between deep perineal pouch and levator ani

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13
Q

Describe pudendal nerve

A

S2,3,4
Coursing around sacrospinous ligament and ischial spine, into pudendal canal to perineal region

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14
Q

What does pudendal nerve branch into

A

Inferior rectal nerves = to anus and external anal sphincter
Perineal branches = to ext genitalia

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15
Q

Describe pelvic splanchnic nerves

A

Psns
S2,3,4
Contribute to inferior hypogastric plexus around bladder and rectum - and vagina in afab

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16
Q

Describe sacral splanchnic nerves

A

Sns
Stem from sacral sympathetic chain to inferior hypogastric plexus

17
Q

Describe blood supply pathway to smaller branches

A

Abd aorta —> common iliac (bifurcation, on each each side, around sacroiliac joint) —> external iliac (more ant) and internal iliac (more inside) —> INT ILIAC —> anterior trunk and posterior trunk

18
Q

Name divisions of posterior trunk of internal iliac artery

A

Iliolumbar
Lateral sacral
Superior gluteal

19
Q

Describe iliolumbar artery

A

Goes up
1st branch
Gives =
Iliac branches to iliacus
Lumbar branches to post abd wall muscles

20
Q

Describe lateral sacral artery

A

Straight back, can be multiple
Through sacral foramina

21
Q

Describe superior gluteal artery

A

Leaves through greater sciatic foramen above piriformis
To outside pelvic cavity

22
Q

Describe umbilical artery

A

Most anterior branch
Remnant fetal dev = turns into medial umbilical ligament
Thick
Usually first branch

23
Q

Describe superior vesical artery

A

Off umbilical
To distal bladder and ureters

24
Q

Describe obturator artery

A

Through obturator foramen
Goes to medial thigh
Near obturator internus, obvious where it goes

25
Q

Describe inferior vesical artery

A

AMAB
To base of bladder, seminal vesicles, prostate

26
Q

Describe vaginal and uterine arteries

A

Uterine = over ureter to cervix
Vaginal = more inferior to bladder, vagina and rectum * equivalent to inferior vesical in amab
AFAB

27
Q

Describe middle rectal artery

A

To rectum

28
Q

Describe internal pudendal artery

A

Leaves via greater sciatic foramen under - inferior to piriformis
Loops around ischial spine and comes back in through lesser sciatic foramen —> perineum
Closer to ischial spine
Gives = inferior rectal (to rectum) and perineal branches (to perineum)

29
Q

Describe inferior gluteal artery

A

Exit via greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis

30
Q

Describe pudendal and pelvic splanchnic

A

Pudendal = somatic
Pelvic splanchnic = psns
BUT BOTH COMES FROM S2,3,4 but DIFFFFFFFFF

31
Q

Describe pudendal - somatic innervation

A

FROM sacral plexus - anterior to piriformis
Inside pelvic cavity = to perineum, same pathway as internal pudendal artery = loop

32
Q

Describe pudendal nerve - branches

A

Inferior rectal nerve
Perineal nerve
Dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris

33
Q

Describe autonomic

A

Sns and psns

34
Q

Describe pelvic splanchnic - specifics

A

GOES UP
S2,3,4
Preganglionic parasympathetic
Rets an digest
To inferior hypogastric plexus
Hypogastric nerv from superior hypogastric plexus

35
Q

Describe sacral splanchnic - specifics

A

GOES DOWN
Meets at one ganglia

36
Q

Describe post ganglionic sns

A

Synapse already in sympathetic trunk —> sacral spinal nerve

37
Q

Describe pre ganglionic sns

A

Use sacral splanchnic to get to inferior hypogastric plexus

ANAT 214 (34 decks)

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