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ANAT 214 > Lab 11: Sex Specific Anatomy > Flashcards

Lab 11: Sex Specific Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Describe embryology of testes

A

Testes descend through inguinal canal

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2
Q

Describe pathway of sperm kinda

A

Seminiferous tubules —> straight tubule —> rete testes —> efferent ductules —> epididymis —> tail continuous with vas deferens

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3
Q

Describe testes

A

Produces sperm
Double layer peritonuem, in front = tunica albuginea

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4
Q

What produces sperm

A

Seminiferous tubules inside testes —> rete testes —> efferent tubule

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5
Q

Describe epididymis

A

Maturation of spermatozoa and storage
Head = enlarged, collects from efferent tubule, body and tail
Posterior, sensitive

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6
Q

Describe vas deferens

A

Transports sperm from epididymis at the inferior pole of testis into pelvis at ejaculation
Passes through inguinal canal
Muscular

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7
Q

Describe vas deferens - to ejac duct

A

Ejac duct = retroperitoneal, tail, epididymis becomes vas deferens = loops laterally to inf epigastric, and posterior behind bladder

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8
Q

Describe ampulla of vas deferens

A

Dilation of tube prior to entry into prostate
Joins seminal vesicles, enlargement
Located posterior to bladder = forms ejaculatory duct

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9
Q

Describe how vas deferens suspended

A

Suspended between inferior epigastric vessels and ureters then meet urinary tract

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10
Q

Describe seminal vesicles

A

Posterior to bladder, produces most of the fluid that constitutes semen released at ejaculation
Lateral to ampulla
Fluid rich in fructose
Joins vas deferens

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11
Q

Describe prostate

A

Inferior to bladder
Produces additional comments of Semen, released at ejacualtion
Fluid is alkaline to neutralize acidity of vaginal tract

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12
Q

What happens inside prostate

A

Surrounds urethra
Also where urinary and repro tracts meet up

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13
Q

Describe ejaculatory ducts

A

Convergence of seminal vesicle ducts and vas deferens, to urethra,prostatic urethra, = where ejaculatory duct empties into

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14
Q

Describe bulbourethral glands

A

In deep perineal pouch
Superior to perineal membrane
Produces fluid that neutralizes acidity and luricates urethra
Mucous gland, pre ejaculatory fluid
Paired, ducts go trough membrane and empties at root of penis

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15
Q

Where does spermatic cord pass through

A

Inguinal canal

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16
Q

Describe scrotum

A

Skin and muscle (analogous to labia majora)
Temp control
Muscle = tunica darts
Pampiniform plexus = venous drainage

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17
Q

Describe erection

A

Pelvic splanchnic s2-s4
Relax deep perineum = corpus cavernosum enlarges = contracts skeletal muscles = bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus = force blood into distal penis and compress deep dorsal vein against bucks fascia = blood stays in penis

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18
Q

Describe erectile tissue of penis

A

Corpus spongiosum =1, anchored to perineal membrane
Corpora cavernosa = 2, in bucks fascia

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19
Q

Describe bulb of penis

A

Corpus spongiosum
Proximal parts of tissue

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20
Q

Describe crura of penis

A

Attached to inferior pubic rami
Corpus cavernosum

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21
Q

Describe body of penis

A

More distal
All corpora (cavernosa and spongiosum)

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22
Q

Describe glans

A

Expand corpus spong over distal end corpus cav

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23
Q

DESCRIBE FASCia of penis

A

Deep fascia= bucks fascia
Maintains erection = compresses deep dorsal vein

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24
Q

Describe bulbospongiosus in amab

A

Covers bulb = distal part, spongiosum

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25
Q

Describe ischiocavernosus in amab

A

Covers crura, corpus cavernosa, inf pubic rami —> ischial tuberosity

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26
Q

What is function of ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus in amab

A

Push sperm, body of perineum and perineal membrane, move blood proximal to distal

27
Q

Descibe vasculature of penis

A

Front = internal pudendal artery
Dorsal artery on top
Deep penile artery in corpus cavernosum
Deep dorsal vein
Artery of bulb = in corpus spong, visible, deep penile artery

28
Q

Describe urethra of amab

A

Except for first part - preprostatic and proximal portion of second part (prostatic) (where ejaculatory ducts drain into prostate)
Urethra serves as shared tract for Urine and semen, runs through corpus spong only

29
Q

Name parts of urethra in amab

A

Preprostatic - internal urethral sphincter prevents retrograde ejaculation
Prostatic
Memebranous
Spongy (penile)

30
Q

Describe rectovesical pouch

A

Peritoneum extends into pelvic region = drapes over viscera
Lowest part of perineal cavity

31
Q

DESCRIBE organization of pelvic viscera amab

A

Rectum = posterior
Bladder = ant
Prostate inferior to bladder

32
Q

What in deep perineal pouch amab

A

Memebranous urethra and bulbourethral glands

33
Q

Describe inguinal hernia gen

A

Tissue pierces through abd wall

34
Q

Describe inguinal canal

A

Medial = rectus abdominus
Lateral = inferior epigastric artery
Inferior = inguinal ligament (asis to pubic tubercle)

35
Q

Describe direct inguinal hernia

A

Abd vsicera through inguinal triangle
Compresses spermatic cord

36
Q

Describe indirect inguinal hernia

A

Through deep inguinal ring = bowl strangulation = compressed so very bad
Repro fine tho

37
Q

What passes through inguinal canal in males

A

Spermatic cord - contains vas deferens, testicular artery, pampiniform plexus

38
Q

What passes through inguinal canal in females

A

Round ligament connects uterus to labia majora

39
Q

Describe vagina

A

Muscular, Rugae, elongate during arousal
External opening = vestibule
Anterior, posterior and lateral - 2 fornixes around cervix of uterus

40
Q

Describe vault of vagina

A

Enlargement of canal
Cervix protrudes into vault = forms fornix

41
Q

Describe cervix of uterus

A

Uterine isthmus leads to cervix
Internal os (cont with uterine cavity and canal) and external os (cervical canal to vagina)
Cervical canal - sphincter= contracted during pregnancy

42
Q

Desribe uterus

A

Usually positioned between bladder and rectum
Muscular, for implantation and dev of embryo
Uterine cavity
Fundus, body and isthmus - narrowing

43
Q

Describe uterine tubes

A

Ampulla = wider for fertilization
Infundibulum = end, opens into peritoneum
Frimbriae = catches egg
Uterine ostium

44
Q

Describe ligament of ovary

A

Inf ovary to up uterus

45
Q

Describe suspensory ligament of ovary

A

Sup pole ovary to abd wall

46
Q

Describe ovary

A

Attached to uterus via ligament of ovary
Sup = intra, inf = retro
Oogenesis
Released near opening of fallopian tube

47
Q

Describe round ligament

A

Anchors front of uterus anteriorly through inguinal canal and terminates in labia majora

48
Q

Describe external female genitalia

A

Collectively known as vulva

49
Q

Describe Labia majora

A

Most external
Skin
Fatty folds
Meets anterior and forms mons pubis

50
Q

Describe labia Minora

A

Inside labia majora, hairless, delicate

51
Q

Describe erectile tissue of external genitalia afab

A

2 corpus cavernosa
2 bulb of vestibule = anchored perineal membrane, makes glans, over distal end corpus cav

52
Q

Describe ischiocavernosus muscle females

A

Cover crura
Inf pubic rami to ischial tuberosity
Brings blood to distal part

53
Q

Describe bulbospongiosus muscle afab

A

Covers bulb of vestibule
Anchored to perineal body and membrane

54
Q

Describe urethra afab

A

Shorter
External urethral orifice

55
Q

Describe ligaments of cervix

A

Transverse = cervix —> lateral pelvic wall
Pubocervical = pubic bone —> cervix
Uterosacral = cervix to sacrum

56
Q

Describe somatic innervation

A

Pudendal nerve

57
Q

What is inside vestibule in afab

A

Near bulb of vestibule =
Greater vestibular galnds = on perineal membrane, post to bulb of vestibule *NOT IN DEEP PERINEAL POUCH
Paraurethral galnds = ducts open into vestibule

58
Q

Describe broad ligament

A

Ligament covering uterus, ovaries and fallopian tube
Peritoneum

59
Q

What contributes to broad ligament

A

Mesosalpinx = ensheath uterine tube
Mesovarium = ensheath and suspend ovary
Mesometrium = from uterine body to lateral pelvic wall, on top, in front

60
Q

Describe vesico uterine pouch

A

Between bladder and ureters

61
Q

Describe recto uterine pouch

A

Like recto vesical pouch in males
= lowest part

62
Q

What is vestibule in afab

A

Space between 2 labia minora
Has openings

63
Q

Describe clitoris

A

2 crura attach to inf pubic rami
Comes together and forms body of clitoris

ANAT 214 (34 decks)

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