Intro to virology Flashcards
What is a virus
Obligate intracellular parasite
What does a viral particle consist of
nucleic acid
protein shell
lipid envelope (sometimes)
How do viruses replicate
virus genome directs the synthesis of virus proteins/progeny genome using its host cell
What are viral particles assembled from
virus components produced by the host cell
What do viruses lack which mean they cannot produce their own proteins
ribosomes
ATP
What diseases are caused by icosahedral viruses
adenovirus
papillomavirus
rotavirus
Why do viruses that cause different disease all have similar shapes
due to simple structure
What diseases are caused by ssRNA viruses
influenza
ebola
parainfluenza
What is the function of the protein capsid
protects the genome from the environment
delivers genome to cell
What are the stages in the viral growth cycle
attachment
entry
uncaring
synthesis of viral components
assembly and release
What can occur to the viral genome once inside the host cell
gene expression
genome replication
What is the outcome of viral gene expression
mature proteins
How do enveloped viruses acquire their envelopes
budding
Where are the main viral entries into host
Respiratory tract
Gastro-intestinal tract
urogenitary treat
blood (vertical or horizontal)
What are the mechanisms of viral spread
localised (no spread)
neural spread
hematogenous blood
