Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FoM > Fertilisation To Trilaminar Embryology > Flashcards

Fertilisation To Trilaminar Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

What receptor does sperm bind to on the ovum

A

Glycoprotein ZP3 on the zona pellucida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How does the sperm penetrate the zona pellucida

A

Release o acrosomal enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 3 components of a sperm head

A

Acrosome
Sperm nucleus (haploid)
Plasma membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why do the plasma membranes of the sperm and ovum need to fuse

A

So nucleus of sperm can enter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the entry of sperm into the ovum trigger

A

Completion of meiosis 2
Release of cortical granules by oocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of cortical granules

A

Hardens zona pellucida prevent polyspermate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the opening for ovum to enter the uterine tubes called

A

Uterine abdomen oss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens to the overall size of the zygote structure

A

Doesn’t change, blastomere cells get smaller

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What types of cell does up to the 8 cell stage blastomere contain

A

Totipotent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a totipotent cell

A

Can form any cell type
Embryonic cell
Placental cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is mosaicism / mitotic nondisjunction

A

2 different cell lines with different chromosome compliments
(E.g. if 1 cell divides unevenly where 1 daughter cell has 1 chromo and another has 3, only affects those 2 cells not all cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How does compaction of the morula

A

Confined within zona pellucida
To make max use of space, cells become tighter and form cell junctions
Outer-cells form gap junctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What happens when outer cells in contact with the zona pellucida form gap junctions

A

Fluid enters through the zona pellucida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 4 components of the blastocyst

A

Trophoblas (embryonic part of placenta)
Zona pellucida
Blastocyst cavity
Inner cell mass (forms the embryo)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does blastocyst hatching occur

A

Trophoblas broken down
Cell bundles contract to burst out allowing implantation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where does implantation occur

A

Directly on the endometrial lining on the superior aspect of the posterior uterine wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the function of the corpus luteum

A

After ovulation, follicle develops into corpus luteum which secretes progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the function of progesterone

A

Maintain thick endometrial lining for implantation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the 2 cell layers of the bilaminar embryo

A

Epiblast
Hypoblast
Amniotic cavity also begins to form in embryo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What do trophoblast (outer cell mass) develop into

A

Cytotrophoblast
Syncytiotrophoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the function of the synctiotrophoblast

A

Produces human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Stimulates corpus luteum
Drives invasion of endometrial lining

22
Q

What surface of the embryo os the epiblast

A

Dorsal

23
Q

What surface of the embryo is the hypoblast

A

Ventral

24
Q

Where does the amniotic cavity form

A

Epiblast

25
Q

Where does the primitive yolk sac form

A

Hypoblast

26
Q

When implantation is complete how is the small gap closed

A

Fibrin coagulum

27
Q

Where do lacunae form

A

In the synctiotrophoblast

28
Q

How does oxygen diffuse to the embryo

A

Uteroplacental circulation
Maternal blood flows into lacunae to diffuse to the embryoblast

29
Q

What is formed after the extraembryonic mesoderm develops then degenerates

A

Chorionic cavity

30
Q

What forms the definitive yolk sac

A

A second wave of hypoblasts

31
Q

As the chorionic cavity develops what other structure develops

A

Connecting stalk

32
Q

What entirely encircles an implanted embryo

A

Chorionic cavity

33
Q

What structure separates the amniotic sac and definitive yolk sac

A

Bilaminar embryonic disc

34
Q

What are the abnormal sites where implantation can occur

A

Ovary
Uterine tube
Peritoneum

35
Q

Where does the primitive streak appear

A

Midline at caudal end of epiblast

36
Q

What is found at the cranial (head) end of the primitive streak

A

Primitive pit
Primitive node

37
Q

What does the primitive streak consist of

A

Pit
Node
Groove

38
Q

What is the function of the primitive pit

A

Helps with the rotation of folds ( sets up body axis)

39
Q

What are hypoblast cells replaced by

A

Definitive endoderm

40
Q

How are the 3 germ layers formed

A

Movement of epiblast cells through the primitive streak

41
Q

How does the misoderm form

A

Cells migrate through the primitive streak between epiblast and endoderm
Epiblast becomes ectoderm

42
Q

What does the ectoderm form

A

Epidermis of skin
Nervous system

43
Q

What is the notochord

A

Transient embryonic anatomical structure with the 3 regions of the mesoderm at each side

44
Q

What are the 3 regions of the mesoderm

A

Paraxial
Intermediate
Lateral plate

45
Q

What are the 2 layers of the lateral plate mesoderm

A

Somatic layer - body
Visceral layer - organs

46
Q

What does the paraxial mesoderm form

A

Vertebral column
Skeletal muscle
Parts of the dermis

47
Q

What does the intermediate mesoderm form

A

Urogenital systems
Kidney and ureter
Primary and secondary reproductive organs

48
Q

What does the somatic layer of the lateral plate mesoderm form

A

Most of the dermis
Lining of body wall
Parts of limb

49
Q

What does the visceral layer of the lateral plate mesoderm form

A

Cardiovascular system
Lining of organs
Smooth (involuntary) muscle

50
Q

What does the endoderm form

A

Lining of gut tube
Lining of respiratory tract
Lining of bladder and urethra

FoM (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions