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Gross Anatomy > Head: Temporal/Infratemporal Regions > Flashcards

Head: Temporal/Infratemporal Regions Flashcards

1
Q

Temporal Region

A
  • Area overlying the temporal fossa (lateral head)
  • Pterion
  • Zygomatic arch is inferior
  • Frontal process of zygomatic bone is anterior
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2
Q

Temporal Region content

A
  • Temporalis muscle and fascia

- Deep temporal nerves and vessels

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3
Q

Infratemporal Fossa

A
  • Located deep to zygomatic arch and mandibular ramus
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4
Q

Infratemporal Fossa boundaries

A
  • Lateral: ramus of mandible
  • Medial: lateral pterygoid plate
  • Anterior: posterior part maxilla
  • Posterior: mastoid process, styloid process
  • Superior: greater wing sphenoid
  • Inferior: medial pterygoid insertion on mandible
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5
Q

Infratemporal Fossa LATERAL boundary

A
  • Ramus of mandible
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6
Q

Infratemporal Fossa MEDIAL boundary

A
  • Lateral pterygoid plate
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7
Q

Infratemporal Fossa ANTERIOR boundary

A
  • Posterior part maxilla
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8
Q

Infratemporal Fossa POSTERIOR boundary

A
  • Mastoid process, styloid process
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9
Q

Infratemporal Fossa SUPERIOR boundary

A
  • Greater wing sphenoid
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10
Q

Infratemporal Fossa INFERIOR boundary

A
  • Medial pterygoid insertion on mandible
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11
Q

Infratemporal Fossa content

A
  • Inferior part of temporalis muscle
  • Lateral pterygoid muscle
  • Medial pterygoid muscle
  • Maxillary artery and some branches
  • Pterygoid venous plexus
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12
Q

Nerves of Infratemporal Fossa

A
  • Mandibular nerve (V3) and branches
  • Chorda tympani (branch of VII)
  • Otic ganglion
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13
Q

Muscles of mastication innervation

A
  • Trigeminal nerve (CN V), mandibular division
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14
Q

Muscles of mastication

A
  • Temporalis
  • Masseter
  • Lateral pterygoid (2 heads)
  • Medial pterygoid (2 heads)
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15
Q

Temporalis origin

A
  • Temporal fossa
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16
Q

Temporalis insertion

A
  • Coronoid process of mandible
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17
Q

Temporalis innervation

A
  • Deep temporal branches
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18
Q

Temporalis function

A
  • Elevates and retracts (retrusion) the mandible
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19
Q

Masseter origin

A
  • Inferior and medial surface of zygomatic arch
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20
Q

Masseter insertion

A
  • Angle and lateral surface of ramus
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21
Q

Masseter innervation

A
  • Masseteric nerve
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22
Q

Masseter function

A
  • Elevates and protrudes mandible
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23
Q

Lateral Pterygoid superior head origin

A
  • Infratemporal surface of sphenoid
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24
Q

Lateral Pterygoid superior head insertion

A
  • Capsule and disc of TMJ
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25
Q

Lateral Pterygoid inferior head origin

A
  • Lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate
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26
Q

Lateral Pterygoid inferior head insertion

A
  • Pterygoid fovea and neck of mandible
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27
Q

Lateral Pterygoid innervation

A
  • Lateral pterygoid nerve
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28
Q

Lateral Pterygoid function

A
  • Protrusion, depression, and lateral excursion of mandible
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29
Q

Medial Pterygoid origin

A
  • Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate

- Maxilla tuberosity

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30
Q

Medial Pterygoid insertion

A
  • Medial surface of mandible ramus
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31
Q

Medial Pterygoid innervation

A
  • Medial pterygoid nerve
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32
Q

Medial Pterygoid function

A
  • Elevates, protrusion, lateral excursion of mandible
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33
Q

Trigeminal Nerve lesion causes

A
  • Muscle of mastication weakness
  • Jaw deviates to bad side when opened
  • Ipsilateral Sensory loss
  • Loss of ipsilateral jaw jerk reflex and corneal reflex
34
Q

Maxillary Artery

A
  • Terminal branches of the ECA

- 3 parts based on location

35
Q

Maxillary Artery pathway

A
  • Runs deep mandibular neck
  • Passes across the infratemporal fossa
  • Passes through pterygomaxillary fissure to enter the pterygopalatine fossa
36
Q

Maxillary Artery supplies blood to

A
  • Mandible
  • Maxilla
  • Teeth
  • Muscles of mastication
  • Palate
  • Nose
  • Cranial dura
37
Q

Branches of 1st part of Maxillary Artery

A
  • Inferior alveolar
  • Anterior tympanic
  • Deep auricular
  • Accessory meningeal artery
  • Middle meningeal
38
Q

Branches of 2nd part of Maxillary Artery

A
  • Masseteric
  • Deep temporal
  • Pterygoid
  • Buccal
39
Q

3rd part of Maxillary Artery

A
  • Located in pterygopalatine fossa
40
Q

Pterygoid venous plexus location

A
  • Between temporalis and pterygoid muscles
41
Q

Tributaries of Pterygoid venous plexus

A
  • Deep facial vein communicates with facial
  • Maxillary joins with superficial temporal to form retromandibular
  • Emissary veins communicate with cavernous sinus
42
Q

Mandibular Nerve (V3) branches

A
  • Auriculotemporal
  • Inferior alveolar
  • Lingual
43
Q

Auriculotemporal Nerve location

A
  • Encircles middle meningeal artery
44
Q

Auriculotemporal Nerve supplies

A
  • Sensory to auricle, temporal region, TMJ
45
Q

Auriculotemporal Nerve carries postsynaptic parasympathetics to

A
  • Parotid gland
46
Q

Inferior Alveolar Nerve location

A
  • Enters mandibular foramen
  • Exits mental foramen as mental nerve
  • Gives off nerve to mylohyoid before entering mandibular foramen
47
Q

Inferior Alveolar Nerve supplies

A
  • Mandibular teeth (dental plexus)
48
Q

Mental Nerve sensation

A
  • Lower lip/chin
49
Q

Lingual Nerve sensation

A
  • Sensation (touch, pain) to anterior 2/3 of tongue, mouth floor, gums
50
Q

Chorda Tympani Nerve (branch of facial) joins with Lingual to supply

A
  • Taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue

- Parasympathetic fibers to submandibular and sublingual glands

51
Q

Pterygopalatine Fossa

A
  • Communicates with infratemporal fossa through pterygomaxillary fissure
52
Q

Pterygopalatine Fossa boundaries

A
  • Medial: perpendicular plate of palatine bone
  • Floor: pyramidal process of palatine bone
  • Roof: infratemporal surface of sphenoid greater wing
  • Anterior: maxilla
  • Posterior: root of pterygoid process
53
Q

Pterygopalatine Fossa MEDIAL boundary

A
  • Perpendicular plate of palatine bone
54
Q

Pterygopalatine Fossa FLOOR

A
  • Pyramidal process of palatine bone
55
Q

Pterygopalatine Fossa ROOF

A
  • Infratemporal surface of sphenoid greater wing
56
Q

Pterygopalatine Fossa ANTERIOR boundary

A
  • Maxilla
57
Q

Pterygopalatine Fossa POSTERIOR boundary

A
  • Root of pterygoid process
58
Q

Pterygopalatine Fossa content

A
  • 3rd part of maxillary artery and branches
  • Maxillary nerve (V2) and branches
  • Pterygopalatine ganglion
59
Q

3rd part of Maxillary Artery location

A
  • Passes between heads of lateral pterygoid muscle and through pterygomaxillary fissure
60
Q

Branches of 3rd part of Maxillary Artery

A
  • Posterior superior alveolar
  • Infra-orbital (inferior orbital fissure)
  • Artery of pterygoid canal (pterygoid canal)
  • Pharyngeal branch of maxillary (pharyngeal canal)
  • Descending palatine (greater palatine canal)
  • Sphenopalatine (sphenopalatine foramen)
61
Q

Descending palatine (greater palatine canal) contains

A
  • Greater and lesser palatine arteries
62
Q

Maxillary Nerve (V2) pathway

A
  • Exits middle cranial fossa and enters pterygopalatine fossa through foramen rotundum
63
Q

Pterygopalatine ganglion

A
  • Suspended from maxillary nerve
64
Q

Nerve of Pterygoid canal

A
  • Bringing in parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve fiber
65
Q

Branches of Maxillary Nerve (V2) convey

A
  • Sensory information from the areas they innervate
66
Q

Branches of Maxillary Nerve (V2)

A
  • Meningeal
  • Zygomatic
  • Nasopalatine
  • Greater/lesser palatine
  • Posterior superior alveolar
  • Pharyngeal
  • Infraorbital
67
Q

Meningeal branch of Maxillary Nerve branches off

A
  • Before foramen rotundum
68
Q

Zygomatic branch of Maxillary Nerve (in the inferior orbital fissure)

A
  • Enters orbit

- Branches into zygomaticotemporal and zygomaticofacial

69
Q

Nasopalatine branch of Maxillary Nerve location

A
  • Sphenopalatine foramen
70
Q

Greater and Lesser Palatine Nerve location

A
  • Greater palatine canal
71
Q

Pharyngeal Nerve location

A
  • Pharyngeal canal
72
Q

Infraorbital Nerve passes through

A
  • Inferior orbital fissure
  • Infraorbital groove
  • Infraorbital canal
73
Q

Pterygopalatine ganglion (Parasympathetic ganglion)

A
  • Nerve of pterygoid canal
  • ONLY Presynaptic parasympathetics from greater petrosal (branch of facial nerve) synapse here
  • Sensory and sympathetic fibers pass through without synapsing
74
Q

Nerve of Pterygoid Canal is formed by

A
  • Greater petrosal nerve

- Deep petrosal nerves

75
Q

Post-synaptic nerve fibers destined for Lacrimal gland travel in

A
  • Zygomatic nerve (V2) and lacrimal (V1)
76
Q

Post-synaptic nerve fibers destined for Nasal cavity, Palate, Upper Pharynx, Pharynx travel in

A
  • Branches of V2
77
Q

Deep Petrosal Nerve

A
  • Deprived from internal carotid plexus

- Post synaptic sympathetic nerve fibers

78
Q

Greater Petrosal Nerve (facial)

A
  • Presynaptic parasympathetic nerve fibers

taste to palate

79
Q

Nerve of Pterygoid canal

A
  • Formed by greater petrosal and deep petrosal nerves
  • Presynaptic parasympathetic
  • Postsynaptic sympathetics
80
Q

Branches from Pterygopalatine ganglion

A
  • General sensory nerve fibers
  • Postsynaptic sympathetics
  • Postsynaptic parasympathetics

Gross Anatomy (50 decks)

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