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Gross Anatomy > Head: Temporal/Infratemporal Regions > Flashcards

Head: Temporal/Infratemporal Regions Flashcards

1
Q

Temporal Region

A
  • Area overlying the temporal fossa (lateral head)
  • Pterion
  • Zygomatic arch is inferior
  • Frontal process of zygomatic bone is anterior
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2
Q

Temporal Region content

A
  • Temporalis muscle and fascia

- Deep temporal nerves and vessels

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3
Q

Infratemporal Fossa

A
  • Located deep to zygomatic arch and mandibular ramus
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4
Q

Infratemporal Fossa boundaries

A
  • Lateral: ramus of mandible
  • Medial: lateral pterygoid plate
  • Anterior: posterior part maxilla
  • Posterior: mastoid process, styloid process
  • Superior: greater wing sphenoid
  • Inferior: medial pterygoid insertion on mandible
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5
Q

Infratemporal Fossa LATERAL boundary

A
  • Ramus of mandible
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6
Q

Infratemporal Fossa MEDIAL boundary

A
  • Lateral pterygoid plate
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7
Q

Infratemporal Fossa ANTERIOR boundary

A
  • Posterior part maxilla
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8
Q

Infratemporal Fossa POSTERIOR boundary

A
  • Mastoid process, styloid process
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9
Q

Infratemporal Fossa SUPERIOR boundary

A
  • Greater wing sphenoid
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10
Q

Infratemporal Fossa INFERIOR boundary

A
  • Medial pterygoid insertion on mandible
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11
Q

Infratemporal Fossa content

A
  • Inferior part of temporalis muscle
  • Lateral pterygoid muscle
  • Medial pterygoid muscle
  • Maxillary artery and some branches
  • Pterygoid venous plexus
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12
Q

Nerves of Infratemporal Fossa

A
  • Mandibular nerve (V3) and branches
  • Chorda tympani (branch of VII)
  • Otic ganglion
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13
Q

Muscles of mastication innervation

A
  • Trigeminal nerve (CN V), mandibular division
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14
Q

Muscles of mastication

A
  • Temporalis
  • Masseter
  • Lateral pterygoid (2 heads)
  • Medial pterygoid (2 heads)
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15
Q

Temporalis origin

A
  • Temporal fossa
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16
Q

Temporalis insertion

A
  • Coronoid process of mandible
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17
Q

Temporalis innervation

A
  • Deep temporal branches
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18
Q

Temporalis function

A
  • Elevates and retracts (retrusion) the mandible
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19
Q

Masseter origin

A
  • Inferior and medial surface of zygomatic arch
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20
Q

Masseter insertion

A
  • Angle and lateral surface of ramus
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21
Q

Masseter innervation

A
  • Masseteric nerve
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22
Q

Masseter function

A
  • Elevates and protrudes mandible
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23
Q

Lateral Pterygoid superior head origin

A
  • Infratemporal surface of sphenoid
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24
Q

Lateral Pterygoid superior head insertion

A
  • Capsule and disc of TMJ
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25
Lateral Pterygoid inferior head origin
- Lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate
26
Lateral Pterygoid inferior head insertion
- Pterygoid fovea and neck of mandible
27
Lateral Pterygoid innervation
- Lateral pterygoid nerve
28
Lateral Pterygoid function
- Protrusion, depression, and lateral excursion of mandible
29
Medial Pterygoid origin
- Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate | - Maxilla tuberosity
30
Medial Pterygoid insertion
- Medial surface of mandible ramus
31
Medial Pterygoid innervation
- Medial pterygoid nerve
32
Medial Pterygoid function
- Elevates, protrusion, lateral excursion of mandible
33
Trigeminal Nerve lesion causes
- Muscle of mastication weakness - Jaw deviates to bad side when opened - Ipsilateral Sensory loss - Loss of ipsilateral jaw jerk reflex and corneal reflex
34
Maxillary Artery
- Terminal branches of the ECA | - 3 parts based on location
35
Maxillary Artery pathway
- Runs deep mandibular neck - Passes across the infratemporal fossa - Passes through pterygomaxillary fissure to enter the pterygopalatine fossa
36
Maxillary Artery supplies blood to
- Mandible - Maxilla - Teeth - Muscles of mastication - Palate - Nose - Cranial dura
37
Branches of 1st part of Maxillary Artery
- Inferior alveolar - Anterior tympanic - Deep auricular - Accessory meningeal artery - Middle meningeal
38
Branches of 2nd part of Maxillary Artery
- Masseteric - Deep temporal - Pterygoid - Buccal
39
3rd part of Maxillary Artery
- Located in pterygopalatine fossa
40
Pterygoid venous plexus location
- Between temporalis and pterygoid muscles
41
Tributaries of Pterygoid venous plexus
- Deep facial vein communicates with facial - Maxillary joins with superficial temporal to form retromandibular - Emissary veins communicate with cavernous sinus
42
Mandibular Nerve (V3) branches
- Auriculotemporal - Inferior alveolar - Lingual
43
Auriculotemporal Nerve location
- Encircles middle meningeal artery
44
Auriculotemporal Nerve supplies
- Sensory to auricle, temporal region, TMJ
45
Auriculotemporal Nerve carries postsynaptic parasympathetics to
- Parotid gland
46
Inferior Alveolar Nerve location
- Enters mandibular foramen - Exits mental foramen as mental nerve - Gives off nerve to mylohyoid before entering mandibular foramen
47
Inferior Alveolar Nerve supplies
- Mandibular teeth (dental plexus)
48
Mental Nerve sensation
- Lower lip/chin
49
Lingual Nerve sensation
- Sensation (touch, pain) to anterior 2/3 of tongue, mouth floor, gums
50
Chorda Tympani Nerve (branch of facial) joins with Lingual to supply
- Taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue | - Parasympathetic fibers to submandibular and sublingual glands
51
Pterygopalatine Fossa
- Communicates with infratemporal fossa through pterygomaxillary fissure
52
Pterygopalatine Fossa boundaries
- Medial: perpendicular plate of palatine bone - Floor: pyramidal process of palatine bone - Roof: infratemporal surface of sphenoid greater wing - Anterior: maxilla - Posterior: root of pterygoid process
53
Pterygopalatine Fossa MEDIAL boundary
- Perpendicular plate of palatine bone
54
Pterygopalatine Fossa FLOOR
- Pyramidal process of palatine bone
55
Pterygopalatine Fossa ROOF
- Infratemporal surface of sphenoid greater wing
56
Pterygopalatine Fossa ANTERIOR boundary
- Maxilla
57
Pterygopalatine Fossa POSTERIOR boundary
- Root of pterygoid process
58
Pterygopalatine Fossa content
- 3rd part of maxillary artery and branches - Maxillary nerve (V2) and branches - Pterygopalatine ganglion
59
3rd part of Maxillary Artery location
- Passes between heads of lateral pterygoid muscle and through pterygomaxillary fissure
60
Branches of 3rd part of Maxillary Artery
- Posterior superior alveolar - Infra-orbital (inferior orbital fissure) - Artery of pterygoid canal (pterygoid canal) - Pharyngeal branch of maxillary (pharyngeal canal) - Descending palatine (greater palatine canal) - Sphenopalatine (sphenopalatine foramen)
61
Descending palatine (greater palatine canal) contains
- Greater and lesser palatine arteries
62
Maxillary Nerve (V2) pathway
- Exits middle cranial fossa and enters pterygopalatine fossa through foramen rotundum
63
Pterygopalatine ganglion
- Suspended from maxillary nerve
64
Nerve of Pterygoid canal
- Bringing in parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve fiber
65
Branches of Maxillary Nerve (V2) convey
- Sensory information from the areas they innervate
66
Branches of Maxillary Nerve (V2)
- Meningeal - Zygomatic - Nasopalatine - Greater/lesser palatine - Posterior superior alveolar - Pharyngeal - Infraorbital
67
Meningeal branch of Maxillary Nerve branches off
- Before foramen rotundum
68
Zygomatic branch of Maxillary Nerve (in the inferior orbital fissure)
- Enters orbit | - Branches into zygomaticotemporal and zygomaticofacial
69
Nasopalatine branch of Maxillary Nerve location
- Sphenopalatine foramen
70
Greater and Lesser Palatine Nerve location
- Greater palatine canal
71
Pharyngeal Nerve location
- Pharyngeal canal
72
Infraorbital Nerve passes through
- Inferior orbital fissure - Infraorbital groove - Infraorbital canal
73
Pterygopalatine ganglion (Parasympathetic ganglion)
- Nerve of pterygoid canal - ONLY Presynaptic parasympathetics from greater petrosal (branch of facial nerve) synapse here - Sensory and sympathetic fibers pass through without synapsing
74
Nerve of Pterygoid Canal is formed by
- Greater petrosal nerve | - Deep petrosal nerves
75
Post-synaptic nerve fibers destined for Lacrimal gland travel in
- Zygomatic nerve (V2) and lacrimal (V1)
76
Post-synaptic nerve fibers destined for Nasal cavity, Palate, Upper Pharynx, Pharynx travel in
- Branches of V2
77
Deep Petrosal Nerve
- Deprived from internal carotid plexus | - Post synaptic sympathetic nerve fibers
78
Greater Petrosal Nerve (facial)
- Presynaptic parasympathetic nerve fibers | taste to palate
79
Nerve of Pterygoid canal
- Formed by greater petrosal and deep petrosal nerves - Presynaptic parasympathetic - Postsynaptic sympathetics
80
Branches from Pterygopalatine ganglion
- General sensory nerve fibers - Postsynaptic sympathetics - Postsynaptic parasympathetics

Gross Anatomy (50 decks)

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