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Gross Anatomy > Head: Meninges > Flashcards

Head: Meninges Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial meninges

A
  • Membranous coverings of the brain
  • Protect brain
  • Framework for vessels, venous sinuses, subarachnoid space
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2
Q

3 connective tissue layers of cranial meninges

A
  • Dura mater
  • Arachnoid mater
  • Pia mater
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3
Q

Epidural Space

A
  • Potential space between dura and skull
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4
Q

Subarachnoid Space

A
  • Between arachnoid and pia
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5
Q

Subdural Space

A
  • Potential space between arachnoid and dura
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6
Q

2 layers of cranial Dura Mater

A
  • Periosteal

- Meningeal

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7
Q

Periosteal layer of cranial Dura Mater

A
  • Strongly adheres to internal cranium

- Continuous with periosteum through foramina

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8
Q

Meningeal layer of cranial Dura Mater

A
  • Fused with periosteal layer except at dural reflections (infoldings)
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9
Q

Dural reflections (infoldings)

A
  • Meningeal layer “reflects” away from periosteal layer
  • Forms partitions (dural septa) between parts of the brain
  • Divides into compartments
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10
Q

Cranial Dura Mater divisions

A
  • Falx cerebri
  • Tentorium cerebelli
  • Falx cerebelli
  • Diaphragma sella
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11
Q

Falx Cerebri

A
  • Separates cerebral hemispheres, located in brain longitudinal fissure
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12
Q

Tentorium Cerebelli

A
  • Divides cranium into supr- and infra-tentorial compartments
  • Creates tentorial notch, where the brainstem extends inferiorly
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13
Q

Falx Cerebri attaches to

A
  • Crista galli
  • Frontal crest
  • IOP
  • Tentorium cerebelli
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14
Q

Tentorium Cerebelli attaches to

A
  • Petrous ridge

- Clinoid processes

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15
Q

Falx Cerebelli

A
  • Separates cerebellar hemispheres
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16
Q

Falx Cerebelli attaches to

A
  • Internal occipital crest
17
Q

Diaphragma Sellae

A
  • Dural roof over hypophyseal fossa

- Covers pituitary gland

18
Q

Diaphragma Sellae attaches to

A
  • Clinoid processes
19
Q

Innervation of the Dura

A
  • Primarily by meningeal branches of trigeminal nerve

- Cervical nerves also innervate dura in posterior cranial fossa

20
Q

Dural venous sinuses

A
  • Endothelial lined spaces between dural layers

- Receive venous drainage from cerebral veins (from brain) and via emissary veins

21
Q

Superior Sagittal Sinus

A
  • Superior aspect of falx cerebri
22
Q

Inferior Sagittal Sinus

A
  • Inferior free border of falx cerebri
23
Q

Transverse Sinus

A
  • Attached portion of tentorium cerebelli
24
Q

Sigmoid Sinus

A
  • Continuation of transverse sinus

- Continuous with IJV at jugular foramen

25
Q

Occipital Sinus

A
  • Attached portion of falx cerebelli

- Communicates with internal vertebral venous plexus inferiorly

26
Q

Straight Sinus

A
  • Line of attachment of falx cerebri to tentorium cerebelli

- Formed by union of inferior sagittal sinus and great cerebral vein

27
Q

Sinuses that join with the confluence of sinuses

A
  • Superior sagittal
  • Straight
  • Occipital
  • Transverse
28
Q

Cavernous Sinus

A
  • Located on both sides of sella turcica plexus of veins

- Communicates with the sup/inf ophthalmic veins anteriorly

29
Q

Superior Petrosal Sinus

A
  • Connects cavernous sinus to transverse sinus

- Runs along petrous ridge along the petrous ridge

30
Q

Inferior Petrosal Sinus

A
  • Connects cavernous sinus to the sigmoid sinus/IJV junction
31
Q

Basilar Plexus

A
  • Runs along the clivus

- Communicates with internal venous plexus

32
Q

Structures found within the Cavernous Sinus

A
  • ICA and surrounding sympathetics
  • Abducens nerve
  • Oculomotor, trochlear, maxillary, and ophthalmic nerve are in the lateral wall
33
Q

Nerves found in the lateral wall of the Cavernous Sinus

A
  • Oculomotor
  • Trochlear
  • Maxillary
  • Ophthalmic
34
Q

Danger Triangle of the face

A
  • Venous communication between facial vein and superior ophthalmic vein
  • Spread of infection from facial area to cavernous sinus
35
Q

Arterial Dural blood supply

A
  • Middle meningeal artery

- Frontal, and parietal branches

36
Q

Meningeal branches of Dural blood supply

A
  • Vertebral
  • Ascending pharyngeal
  • Ethmoidal arteries
37
Q

Pterion fracture

A
  • Damages middle meningeal artery (or vein) causing a epidural hematoma

Gross Anatomy (50 decks)

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