Glossary S I

Question 1

satisficing

Answer 1

considering options one by one and stop doing so as soon as we found a satisfying one

Question 2

schemas

Answer 2

mental frameworks for representing knowledge in arrays of interrelated concepts in a meaningful organization

Question 3

script

Answer 3

a structure that describes appropriate sequences of of events in a particular context

Question 4

selective attention

Answer 4

attending to some stimuli and to ignore others

Question 5

selective-combination insight

Answer 5

taking snippets of relevant information and combining them in a new and useful way

Question 6

selective-comparison insight

Answer 6

involves novel perceptions of how new information relates to old information

Question 7

selective-encoding insight

Answer 7

involves distinguishing relevant from irrelevant information

Question 8

semantic memory

Answer 8

stores general world knowledge

Question 9

semantic network

Answer 9

a web of interconnected elements of meaning

Question 10

semantics

Answer 10

the study of meaning in a language

Question 11

sensory store

Answer 11

able of storing little information very briefly

Question 12

septum

Answer 12

involved in anger and fear

Question 13

serial-position curve

Answer 13

represents the probability of recall of a given word, given its serial position in a list

Question 14

serial processing

Answer 14

means by which information is handled through a linear sequence of operations

Question 15

short-term store

Answer 15

capable of storing info for somewhat longer periods, but limited capacity

Question 16

SDT

Answer 16

Signal-detection-Theory: theory of how we detect stimuli that involves four possible outcomes (false positives etc.)

Question 17

single-system hypothesis

Answer 17

suggests that two languages are represented in just one system

Question 18

spacing effect

Answer 18

learning is more efficient when material has been learned over a longer period of time

Question 19

speech acts

Answer 19

addresses the question of what we can accomplish with speech