Cognitive Psychology Chapter V Memory I Flashcards
Memory is the means …
… by which we retain our past experiences to use information in the present.
3 common operations of memory:
- encoding
- storage
- retrieval
Recall vs. recognition + boolean expression
recall: you produce an item from memory
recognition: you identify an item as one that you have already been exposed to
recognition > recall
Three types of recall:
- serial recall
- free recall
- cued recall aka. “paired-associates recall”
Kinds of knowledge needed in recognition and recall:
recognition: receptive knowledge
recall: expressive knowledge
Implicit vs. explicit:
implicit: not consciously using info from memory
explicit: consciously using info from memory
To study implicit memory, what effects are sometimes used?
Priming effects
Memory and Age?
Explicit memory poor in very young and old people.
Implicit memory relatively uniform.
What is used to measure intelligence in specific cultures?
culture-relevant tests
William James memory model consists of:
- primary memory
- secondary memory
Atkinson and Shiffrin’s memory model consists of:
- sensory store
- short-term store
- long-term store
Store vs. Memory:
store: structure that holds memory
memory: content / information hold by a store
The 3 stores in Atkinson & Shiffrin’s model are examples for …
… hypothetical constructs.
Example for a sensory store:
the iconic store: it is a discrete visual sensory register that holds information for very short periods.
Georg Sperling’s discovery?
Iconic store In the test: only report one line: H B S T A H M G E L W C
