Cognitive Psychology Chapter II (58-End) Flashcards
What are sulci?
Small grooves
fissures?
large grooves
gyri?
bulges btw. sulci and fissures
on the same side
ipsilateral
on the opposite site
contralateral
what is connecting the two cerebral hemispheres?
the corpus callosum
Marc Dax traced what to what and when?
aphasia to the left hemisphere (1836)
When did Paul Broca establish his area?
in the 1860s
When did Carl Wernicke establish his area?
He published his findings in 1874
Who is sometimes referred to as the father of Neuropsychology?
Karl Spencer Lashley
When did Karl Spencer Lashley start to study localization?
1915
Who studied hemispheric spezialisation and won a Nobel Prize? + statement
Psychologist Roger Sperry
“each hemisphere works like a seperate brain” (1964)
Sperry’s classic experiment?
cutting in half the corpus callosum of a cat
People with a severed corpus callosum are called:
split-brain patients
Keywords about the 1972 Levy, Trevarthen & Sperry experiment:
split-brain patients
pics of chimeric faces
different responses in replying with speech and pointing to what has been seen
The primary motor cortex can be found in which lobe?
the frontal lobe
the primary somatosensory cortex can be found in which lobe?
the parietal lobe
The lobes are named after …
… the skull bones right above them.
What does Brodmann Area 4 encompass?
What does Brodmann Area 17 encompass?
4 = primary motor cortex 17 = primary visual cortex
vascular disorder is a brain disorder caused by …
… a stroke.
Strokes occur when the …
… flow of blood to the brain undergoes a sudden disruption.
Two kinds of strokes:
- ischemic stroke
- hermorrhagic stroke
In ischemic strokes …
… pieces of fatty tissue break loose and get lodged in arteries of the brain.
In hermorrhagic strokes …
… blood vessels break.
Typical stroke symptoms:
- numbness or weakness in face, arms or legs
- confusion, difficulty speaking
- vision disturbances
- dizziness
- severe headache
Brain tumor aka. …
… neoplasm.
Brain tumors can occur both in grey and white matter, but are more common in …
… white matter.
Two types of brain tumor:
primary brain tumors start in the brain
secondary brain tumors start somewhere else
Two kinds of tumor:
benign and malignant
Can benign tumors also be dangerous?
yes, but only in the brain.
Symptoms of brain tumors include:
- headaches (usually worse in the morning)
- nausea or vomiting
- changes in speech, vision, hearing
- problems with balance and walking
- changes in mood
- problems with memory
- muscle jerking
- numbness or tingling in arms or legs
Two types of head injuries:
- closed-head injuries (skull intact)
- open-head injuries (skull is not intact)
