Gi System 1/2 Flashcards

1
Q

Short bowel syndrome nutritional deficiencies?

A

Vit ADEK, B12

Essential Fatty Acids

Zinc

Selenium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What to treat short bowel syndrome with- diarrhoea and high stomach output?

A

Loperamide and Codeine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Anal fissure symptoms?

A

Tear or ulcer in anal canal so:

Bleeding and pain when pooing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Anal fissure acute treatment?

A

Bulk forming laxatives or Osmotic laxatives

Can also use short term topical such as lidocaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pregnancy acute management of anal fissures?

A

DO NOT USE LIDOCAINE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Chronic management of Anal fissure?

A

GTN Rectal if 6 weeks or longer

Topical/oral Diltiazem or Nifedipine
(Low adverse effects)

Specialist: Botox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Haemorrhoids which pain relief to not use?

A

Opioids - cause constipation

NSAIDS - Exacerbate Rectal bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pregnancy with Haemorrhoid?

A

Bulk forming laxative

Haemorrhoids - HIGH RISK DURING PREGANANCY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Loperamide ages in OTC And RX?

A

OTC: 12yrs+

Rx: 4yrs+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Lopermaide MHRA warning?

A

QT PROLONGATION!!

Serious cardiac reaction with high doses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Loperamide overdose treatment?

A

Naloxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Loperamide dose?

A

1-2 doses (2-4mg) first then one with every stool Max 8 doses (16mg) per day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

IBS non drug treatment?

A
  • Increase exercise
  • Eat reg meals
  • 8 cups of water atleast
  • Avoid sorbitol in diarrhoea
  • Reduce stress/cafeine/alcohol
  • Fresh fruit 3/day
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which laxative to not use in IBS and why?

A

Lactulose - CAUSES BLOATING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If OTC IBS relief doesn’t work what unlicensed other drug can be used?

A

TCA LOW DOSE - Amitriptyline

If TCA doesn’t work —> SSRI

Unlicensed use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Impaired bile formation called what?

A

Cholestasis

17
Q

Cholestatic pruritis treated by?

A
  • Cholestyramine
  • Ursodeoxycholic acid
  • Rifampacin
18
Q

Cholestasis and pregnancy?

When does it occur? Treatment?

A

Usually occurs late pregnancy

Treatment for Pruiritis:
Ursodeoxycholic acid

19
Q

Gallstone left untreated can lead to?

A

Biliary Colic, Cholecystitis, Pancreatitis

20
Q

Gallstone drug treatment? Mild-mod pain? Severe pain?

A

Mild to moderate pain -> Paracetamol/NSAID

SEVERE: IM Diclofenac

21
Q

Exocrine Pancreatitis insufficiency treatment?

A

Pancreatic enzyme replacement (Pancreatin)

22
Q

Pancreatin contains which enzymes?

A

Lipase
Amylase
Protease

23
Q

Why should Pancreatin be taken with food/meals?

A

Prevents early breakdown

24
Q

Pt’s who have both Cystic fibrosis and Pancreatic insufficiency?

A

Fibrosis colonopathy at high does can occur

25
Cystic fibrosis and pancreatic insufficiency maximum dose of lipase daily?
Maximum 10,000 units/kg/day
26
What signs or symptoms should be reported in Cystic fibrosis, pancreatic insufficiency pt?
New abdominal signs ^^^looking for fibrosing colonopathy
27
Monitor what in pancreatitis insufficiency?
Monitor Levels of: Fat soluble vitamins & Micronutrients Give supplements when needed
28
Which formulation of drugs should NOT be used in stoma care?
MR or Enteric coating Insufficient effect of drug Need quick action formulations
29
What can cause diarrhoea, nutrients? (Especially in stoma care)
- Sorbitol - Magnesium Antacids - Iron (ileostomy)
30
What can cause constipation, Drugs/nutrients? (Especially in stoma care)
- Opioids, - Calcium Antacids, - Iron (Colostomy)
31
What can cause Gi Irritation, Drugs? (Especially in stoma care)
Aspirin + NSAIDS
32
Diuretics/Laxatives can cause dehydration therefore what electrolyte imbalance?
Hyperkalaemia
33
Digoxin toxicity can occur in stoma care due to what reason?
Hypokalaemia occurring as fluids and Na Depletes Therefore causing Digoxin Toxicity