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PRP2 > CNS - Pain Management > Flashcards

CNS - Pain Management Flashcards

1
Q

Weak opioid examples?

A

Codeine, Dihydrocodeine

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2
Q

Moderate opioid examples?

A

Tramadol

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3
Q

Strong opioid examples?

A

Morphine
Oxycodone
Methadone
Buprenorphine
Fentanyl

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4
Q

Tramadol side effects

A
  • Serotonin Syndrome
  • lowers seizure threshold
  • increased risk of bleeding
  • Psychiatric Disorders
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5
Q

Codeine age restriction?

A

Over 12 years can use

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6
Q

Can breastfeeding pt use codeine?

A

No! Avoid in breastfeeding

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7
Q

Which other adult pt group should avoid codeine?

A

Ultra rapid metabolisers (Afro-carribean)
Causes toxicity!!!

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8
Q

When can children over 12 but under 18 cannot use codeine?

A

Tonsils removed due to sleep apnoea

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9
Q

Opiod side effects to look out for?

A
  • Dry mouth
  • Constipation
  • CNS Depression
  • Nausea and Vomiting
  • Hypotension
  • Miosis (Pupil constriction)
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10
Q

Hyperalgesia meaning?

A

Opiod is Dependent by body

Small sensations cause bigger pain reaction

—-> higher Opiod amount needed than before

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11
Q

Hypogonadism meaning?

A

Loss of function in gonads (testes/ovaries) - DO NOT PRODUCE ENOUGH SEX HORMONES

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12
Q

Adrenal insufficiency defined by?

A

Adrenal glands not producing enough essential hormones (cortisol or aldosterone)

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13
Q

Strong opioids can cause?

A

Hyperalgesia

Hypogonadism

Adrenal insufficiency

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14
Q

Opiod overdose med?

A

Naloxone

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15
Q

Who should avoid Naloxone?

A

Pt with:

Paralytic ileus
Respiratory disease
Head injury

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16
Q

Breakthrough pain?

A

1/6 to 1/10th of tdd to be given every 2-4hrs prn

Max 12 times (every 2hrs)

17
Q

Increasing doses of opiates by?

A

Increase by 1/2 to 1/3 each day

18
Q

Reducing opiate dose when switching between opiates?

A

Reduce dose by 1/2 to 1/3

Eg)
Morphine 30mg -> Oxycodone 15mg

19
Q

Why pt are switched from morphine to oxycodone?

A

Oxycodone is more potent in smaller quantities

**Useful in pt who get nauseous when consuming large quantities

20
Q

Patches must do’s

A

Apply dry hairless area

Rotate sites

Avoid heat exposure

21
Q

Fentanyl what should you do if there’s signs of toxicity?

A

REMOVE PATCH IMMEDIATELY

22
Q

Neuropathic pain treated by?

A
  • TCA
  • Anti- epileptic
  • Opiates
  • Topical localised
23
Q

Which anti epileptic can treat neuropathic pain?

A

Pregabalin or Gabapentin

24
Q

Which TCA can treat neuropathic pain?

A

Amitriptyline or Nortriptyline

25
Q

Which opiates can treat neuropathic pain?

A

Tramadol, morphine or oxycodone

26
Q

Which localised topical med can treat neuropathic pain?

A

Lidocaine or Capsaicin

27
Q

Pregabalin in pregnancy, is it ok?

A

AVOID IN PREGNANCY- unless necessary

Causes congenital malformations
Pt should use effective contraception during treatment

28
Q

Pain relief in urinary tract disorders?

A

Tiaprofenic acid

PRP2 (74 decks)

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