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PRP2 > Cytotoxic Drugs > Flashcards

Cytotoxic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Alkylating Drugs?

A

Those ending in - f/phamide

So: Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide

Also Melphalan

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2
Q

Anthracycline drugs?

A

-rubicins

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3
Q

Anti metabolites?

A

Methotrexate
Mercaptopurine
Fluorouracil
CYTARABINE

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4
Q

Cytotoxic antibiotics?

A

Bleomycin, Mitomycin

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5
Q

Platinum compounds?

A

-platins

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6
Q

Taxanes?

A

-taxels

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7
Q

Vinca Alkaloids?

A

-stines/sines

Vin-

Vincrisitine, Vinblastine, Vindesine

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8
Q

What is Oral mucositis? Associate with what drugs?

A

MEANS SORE MOUTH!

Associated with: Fluorouracil, Methotrexate, Anthracyclines

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9
Q

Preventative method of Oral mucositis?

A

Good Hygiene measures +
Sucking ice chips with Fluorouracil

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10
Q

Oral Mucositis treatment?

A

Saline Mouthwash

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11
Q

Methotrexate induced Oral mucositis treatment?

A

Folinic acid (Levofolinic acid)

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12
Q

Tumour lysis syndrome occurs why?

A

Due to rapid destruction of Malignant cells

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13
Q

Tumour Lysis higher in which conditions?

A

Non Hodgkins Lymphoma

Burkitts lymphoma

Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia

Myeloid Leukemia

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14
Q

What Pt groups are at high risk of Tumour lysis?
(HINT: 3 groups?)

A

Those with Renal impairment

Those with pre existing Hyperuricaemia

Those Dehydrated

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15
Q

Tumour lysis causes what electrolyte imbalances? And what they can lead to?

A
  • Hyperkalaemia
  • Hypocalcaemia
  • Uricaemia
  • Ph

Leading to Renal damage + Arrhythmias

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16
Q

Hyperuricaemia present in what conditions? Also what treatment would you give?

A

High grade Leukaemia + Lymphoma

Treatment: aLLopurinol 24hr before tumour treatment + hydrate pt

2 L’s condition 2 L’s Treatment

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17
Q

Alternative Hyperuricaemia treatment? When would u give it?

A

Febuxostat - 2 days prior to treatment

18
Q

Which are the 2 only cytotoxic drugs do not cause Bone suppression?

A
  • Vincristine
  • Bleomycin
19
Q

What test must be done before treatment to help avoid bone marrow suppression?

A

FBC - Reduce dose if bone marrow hasn’t recovered

20
Q

If neutrophenic fever?

A

Broad spectrum ABX

21
Q

Bleeding in Urethral area - Haemorrhage

Which Cyto drugs is this common in?

A

Cyclophosphamide

Ifosfamide

Aka the -f/phamides - Alkylating drugs

22
Q

Treatment of Urethral bleeding - Haemorrhage?

Given with either Cyclophosphamide or Ifafamide?

A

Mesna

23
Q

Myelosuppression which drugs side effect?

A

Methotrexate - treat for toxicity (Folinic)

24
Q

Cytotoxic drugs Pregancy?

A

Avoid - use PPP - Contraception

Teratogenic

25
Q

Alkylating Drugs (-famides) or Procarbazine major side effect to consider?

A

Risk of Permanent Male loss of sperm

Think of sperm storage

Also women: premature menopause

26
Q

Highest N&V Cytotoxic drugs?

A

Cisplatin

Dacarbazine

High Cyclophosphamide doses

27
Q

Lowest (MILD) N&V cytotoxic drugs?

A

Fluorouracil

Methotrexate

Vinca Alkaloids

Etoposide

28
Q

Moderate N&V risk Cytotoxic drugs?

A

-Rubicins , - Taxanes
high dose methotrexate
low dose cyclophosphamide

29
Q

Acute N&V treatment from cytotoxic?
Low risk?

A

Dexamethasone or Lorazepam

30
Q

Acute N&V treatment from cytotoxic?
High risk?

A

Ondansetron + Dexamethasone + Ariprepitant

31
Q

Preventing Delayed N&V symptoms?
With Moderate N&V drugs?

A

Dexamethasone + Ondansetron

32
Q

Preventing Delayed N&V symptoms?
With High N&V drugs?

A

Dexamethasone + Ariprpitant

33
Q

Anticipatory symptoms N&V?

A

Lorazepam

**Think Anxious - Benzodiazepines **

34
Q

Anthracyclines - Rubicins Urine colour?

A

RED

Rubi red urine

35
Q

Which cytotoxic drugs are Cardiotoxic?

A

Rubicins - Anthracyclines

36
Q

Which formulation would you consider to reduce Cardiotoxic side effects?

A

Liposomal
However can cause painful Macular skin eruptions!!
(Avoid by cooling hands/feet) no socks no gloves

37
Q

Antimetabolites common side effects?

A

Mucositis and Myelosuppression

38
Q

Cytotoxic Antibiotics common side effects?

A

Pulmonary fibrosis

Pulmonary toxicity - SOB , wheezing

39
Q

Taxanes monitor what?

A
  • Cardiac output
  • Pneumonitis and Sepsis signs
40
Q

If first time having Taxanes what would you give premeditated?

A

Corticosteroids and Antihistamines

Avoid Hypersensitivity reactions

41
Q

ROUTE FOR VINCA ALKALOIDS?

A

IV only - if not could be fatal

42
Q

Common side effects of Vinca Alkaloids?

A

Bronchospasms

Neurotoxicity - Neuropathy , Motor Weakness, Myalgia

PRP2 (74 decks)

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