Electrolytes

Question 1

Hyponatraemia drugs??

Answer 1

Carbamazepine
Diuretics
Desmopressin/vasopressin
SSRIS

Certain Drugs Ditch Salt

Question 2

Hypernatraemic drugs?

Answer 2

Sodium bicarbonate/chloride
Corticosteroids
Effervescent formulation
Oestrogen/Androgens

Salty CEO

Question 3

Hypokalaemic drugs?

Answer 3

Aminophylline/theophylline
Beta agonists
Corticosteroids
Diuretics (Loop/thiazides)
Erythromycin/ clarithromycin

Insulin

ABCDE - I

Question 4

Hyperkalaemic drugs?

Answer 4

Trimethoprim
Heparin
Ace/Arbs
NSAIDs
K-Sparing

Betablockers

*THANKS-B

Question 5

What is the Hypokalaemia levels?

Answer 5

Below 3.5

Question 6

What is Hyperkalaemia Levels?

Answer 6

5.3 and above

Question 7

What is Hypernatraemia levels?

Answer 7

Above 146

Question 8

What is Hyponatraemia levels?

Answer 8

Below 133

Question 9

QT prolongation is associated with which electrolyte imbalance?

Answer 9

Hypokalaemia

Question 10

QT prolongation treatment?

Answer 10

IV Magnesium + Betablocker (not sotalol)

Question 11

What levels are Hypomagnesia ?

Answer 11

Below 0.6

Question 12

What levels are considered Hypermagnesaemia?

Answer 12

Above 1.00

Question 13

Hypomagneseamia Treatment?

Answer 13

Symptomatic: IV/IM Magnesium

Mild: Oral magnesium

Question 14

Hypermagnesaemia treatment?

Answer 14

Calcium Gluconate injections

Question 15

What levels are considered Hypocalcaemia?

Answer 15

Below 2.2

Question 16

What levels are considered Hypercalcaemia?

Answer 16

Above 2.6

Question 17

In osteoporosis pt what is the treatment for hypocalcaemia?

Answer 17

Double recommended amount - reduce bone loss

Question 18

Which drugs cause Hypocalcaemia?

Answer 18

Rifampacin
Alendronic acid
Phenytoin
Phenobarbital

RAPP

Question 19

Severe Hypocalcaemia treatment?

Answer 19

IV Calc Gluconate 10%

Slow to avoid arrhythmias

Question 20

Severe Hypercalcaemia treatment?

Answer 20

IV NaCl 0.9
- correct dehydration
- stop lithium, diuretics, thiazides,vit d

Question 21

Hypercalcaemia with malignancy?

Answer 21

Calcitonin

Question 22

What levels are considered Hypophosphataemia?

Answer 22

Below 0.87

Question 23

What levels are considered Hyperphosphataemia?

Answer 23

Over 1.45

Question 24

Which pt’s are susceptible to getting hypophosphataemia?

Answer 24

• Diabetic Ketoacidosis patients
  Or
• Alcohol dependence

Question 25

Treatment for Hypophosphataemia?

Answer 25

Oral phosphate supplements

Question 26

Treatment for hyperphosphataemia?
1st line? 2nd line? 3rd line?

Answer 26

1st line: Calcium acetate

2nd line: Sevelemar

3rd line: CaCo3 or Sucroferric acid

Question 27

Which Patients are susceptible to hyperphosphataemia?

Answer 27

CKD stage 4/5

Question 28

Treatment for hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 28

1st line: Parathyroidextomy surgery

Question 29

In Hyperparathyroidism, if surgery is unsuccessful what would be used?

Answer 29

Cinacalcet

Question 30

Bisphonates reduce which risks?

Answer 30

Fracture risk reduced

High calcium
Low phosphates