Arrhythmias Flashcards
What is Atrial Fibrillation?
AF is where the heart beats abnormally fast
How is AF managed?
Management involves either rate or rhythm control
What should be assessed for patients with AF?
Assess risk of stroke and VTE (Venous thromboembolism)
Annual review for risk of bleeding, strokes and anti coagulation.
What treatment would be used for new onset of AF with hemodynamic instability?
Emergency electrical cardioversion without anticoagulation
What treatment would be given to patient with No haemodynamic instability?
Can be treated by Rate control or rhythm control.
Rate control preferred if patient presents with AF for more than 48hrs or is uncertain.
Pharmacological Cardioversion methods
- IV Amiodarone or Flecainide
- Urgent control needed then IV beta blocker or Verapamil can be given
What is the risk of stroke assessment called?
CHA2DS2 VASC assessment
What risk factors are included in the CHA2DS2 VASC assessment?
Congestive Heart failure
Hypertension
Age (75 or over) x2
Diabetes
previous ischaemic Stroke/ Transient ischaemic attacks x2
Vascular disease
Age (65-74)
Sex Category (female)
What score in CHA2DS2 VASC requires no treatment
0 for men
1 for women
What do the other scores in CHA2DS2VASC mean
Score of 1 in men: consider DOAC
Taking bleeding risk into account
Score of 2 or higher in men/women: Offer DOAC (if contraindic: warfarin)
Taking bleeding risk into account