Foetal circulation Flashcards

1
Q

circulation in an adult

A

Nutrition storage/detoxification - Liver

Gas Exchange - Lungs

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2
Q

circulation in foetus

A

Nutrition storage/detoxification - Placenta
Gas Exchange - Placenta
Foetus develops 3 major shunts and openings to restrict blood flow to the liver and the lungs.

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3
Q

Foetus develops 3 major shunts and openings to restrict blood flow to the liver and the lungs:

A

Ductus Venosus
Ductus Arteriosus
Oval foramen

Protection

Nourishment

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4
Q

Ductus Venosus

A

Shunts 50% blood from umbilical vein to the caudal vena cava bypassing the liver

Regulated by sphincter

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5
Q

Ductus Arteriosus

A

90% Blood in pulmonary artery shunted to aorta to bypass the developing lungs
Protects lungs from overload
Exercises and develops the right ventricle

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6
Q

Oval Foramen

A

Shunts blood from right atrium to left atrium, away from developing lung

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7
Q

Foetal circulation

A
1 x umbilical vein
2 x umbilical arteries
Ductus venosus shunt
Oval foramen shunt
Ductus arteriosus shunt
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8
Q

Peri partum changes in foetal circulation

A

Pressure changes within the lungs as the newborn breathes and placenta is abrupted
Oval foramen closes
Ductus arteriosus closes
Ductus venosus closes
These closures are functional within hours and anatomical/permanent within days
Controlled by pressure changes and chemical mediators, e.g. prostaglandins

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