Fitness Components - Other

Question 1

How does Mitochondrial density affect Aerobic Power

Answer 1

Increased mitochondrial density (The site of Aerobic ATP resynthesis) will increase Aerobic Power as it enables a faster rate of ATP resynthesis aerobically.

Question 2

How does increased Haemoglobin levels affect Aerobic Power?

Answer 2

Increased Haemoglobin (binding site of Oxygen in red blood cells) will increase Aerobic power as more oxygen can be delivered to working muscles at any given time.

Question 3

How does Increased Fibre Size and Hypertrophy potential in fast-twitch fibres aid in giving higher Anaerobic Capacity?

Answer 3

Larger fibres or ability to gain larger muscles mean more PC or Glycogen fuels can be stored in muscle giving a higher yield of energy

Question 4

State the 2 main muscle arrangements and how they affect Muscular Strength/Power

Answer 4

Fusiform produce lower muscular strength as they are built for speed whilst pennate muscle fibres produce higher muscular strength

Question 5

Why do Slow-Twitch Fibres benefit Local Muscular Endurance

Answer 5

Higher resistance to fatigue is a characteristic of Slow-twitch fibres, allowing musce to participate in repeated contractions

Question 6

How is lactate tolerance important to Local Muscular Endurance

Answer 6

When working anaerobically, hyrdogen ions will begin to accumulate and thus the ability to tolerate the accumulation of hydrogen ions will allow a person to continue working repeated contractions over an extended period of time.

Question 7

How does Muscular Temperature benefit flexibility?

Answer 7

As muscular temperature increases (as heat is a bi-product) muscle becomes more elastic and can therefore stretch further allowing increase range of motion.

Question 8

How does increased Range of Motion (ROM) allow for increased performance?

Answer 8

Increased range of motion will allow for greater build up of momentum to produce a force and perform an action such as a kick or throw

Question 9

What are the three categories for Somatotype and explain them?

Answer 9

1. Ectomorph - Skinny (Marathon, Jockeys)
2. Mesomorph - Muscular (Body building)
3. Endomorph - Larger (Sumo)

Question 10

What are the three categories for Somatotype and explain them?

Answer 10

1. Ectomorph - Skinny (Marathon, Jockeys)
2. Mesomorph - Muscular (Body building)
3. Endomorph - Larger (Sumo)

Question 11

Which Somatotypes have higher felxibilty and which have lower?

Answer 11

Ectomorphs have high flexibility and Mesomorphs and Endomorphs have lower flexibility

Question 12

Which two factors affecting muscular power shouldn’t be talked about in the same question

Answer 12

• Fast speed of contraction for fast-twicth mucle fibres and speed of contraction
• It is double dipping

Question 13

Which fibre type benefits speed?

Answer 13

Fast-twitch fibres due to their fast contraction speed

Question 14

When discussing speed, it refers to what part of the body

Answer 14

It refers to the whole body

Question 15

What does efficiency of the anaerobic systems refer to in terms of speed?

Answer 15

Refers to the anaerobic systems having a faster rate of ATP resynthesis, to produce energy faster leading to faster speed

Question 16

Which fibre type is beneficial for agility?

Answer 16

Fast-twitch fibre due to their fast contraction speed

Question 17

What are the 3 stages of Learning and what do they mean?

Answer 17

• Cognitive: Beginner (still learning)
• Associative: Intermediate
• Autonomous: Advanced (sub-conscious movements)

Question 18

What does equillibrium mean?

Answer 18

When all forces acting on the body/object are equal

Question 19

What does stability mean?

Answer 19

An object/body’s resistance to change from it’s current state of motion

Question 20

What 3 factors affect stability?

Answer 20

• Base of Support
• Centre of Gravity
• Line of Gravity

Question 21

What does base of support mean and how does it affect stability?

Answer 21

Base of support is all area beneath an object that is making contact. Larger base of support increases stability

Question 22

What is centre of gravity mean and how does it affect stability?

Answer 22

Centre of Gravity is where distribution of weight is equal aorund one point. lower centre of gravity increases stability.

Question 23

What is line of gravity and how does it affect stability?

Answer 23

Line of stability is the imaginary line from centre of gravity to the ground. When line of gravity in inside base of support, their is increased stability.

Question 24

How does number of responses affect reaction time?

Answer 24

The more number of responses possible to a situation, the slower the reaction time. Athelete has to think about each reaction, slowing down train of thought.