Bones in the Body Flashcards
How many bones in the human body?
206 bones
Name major bones in the head
2 bones
Cranium, Mandible
Name major bones in the trunk of the body
6 bones
Scapula, Clavicle, Thorax, Sternum, Rib-cage, Spinal Collunm
Name major bones in the arm
6 bones
Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Carpals, Metacarpals & Phalanges
Name Bajor bones in Leg & Hip
8 bones
Pelvic Bone, Femur, Tibia, Fibula, Patella, Tarsals, Metatarsals & phalanges
State 5 purposes of bones
- Provides body with support/structure
- Aids in movement
- Produces & stores blood cells
- Stores minerals and fats
- Protecting organs
Do babies have less or more bones than an adult?
More
State the 3 types of skeletal Joints
* Fixed/Fibrous Joints
* Cartilagenous Joints
* Synovial Joints
What are Fixed/Fibrous joints? Give 2 examples.
Fixed/Joined bones that offer no movement. Examples: Skull, Pelvis
What are Cartilagenous Joints? Give 2 examples.
Joints that offer slight movement and are joined by cartilage. Examples: Vertebrae, Ribs joining sternum
What are synovial joints? Give 2 examples.
Joints that offer full range of movement, and can move freely in at least 1 direction. Examples: Knee, shoulder, hip
How many types of synovial joints are there, and which 2 ones do we need to know?
There are 6 types of synovial joints. We need to know ball & socket and hinge joint.
State 2 main functions of the spine/vertebral collumn
- Provides central structure and keeps us upright (good posture)
* Protects spinal chord
What happens when spinal chord is damaged below hip?
Person becomes paralyzed body below hip and becomes paraplegic
What happens when spinal chord is damaged below neck?
Person becomes paralyzed from below neck and becomes quadraplegic
How many bones in the spine?
33
Describe 5 parts of spine, and number of vertebrae in each
- Cervical - 7
- Thoracic - 12
- Lumbar - 5
- Sacral - 5
- Coccyx - 4
Describe the size of the spine as it goes down, and why.
Vertebrae increase in size as you go down to support body’s weight
Which parts of the spine are fused?
Sacral and Coccyx
What is found in between vertebrae?
Invertebral disks
Describe purpose of invertebral disks
- Separates non-fused vertebrae
- Prevents grinding of bones
- Allows slight movement
- Absorbs shock
State the 3 Connective Tissue
- Cartilage
- Ligaments
- Tendons
Describe purpose of cartilage
- Helps absorb shock
- Prevents bones from grinding
- Found between synovial joints
Describe purpose of ligaments
- Connect bone to bone over joints
- Provoid joint stability
- Help prevent dislocation
Describe purpose of Tendons
- Connect muscle to bone
- Aid in movement
