Biomechanical Principles of Equilibrium

Question 1

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Define Equilibrium

Answer 1

When all forces are balanced

Question 2

Define Balance

Answer 2

The ability to control equilibrium whilst stationary or moving

Question 3

Define Stability

Answer 3

The ability to resist change in current state of equilibrium

Question 4

What is static equilibrium?

Answer 4

All forces acting on body are balanced when body is not moving

Question 5

What is Dynamic Equilibrium

Answer 5

When all forces acting on a body are balanced and body is moving with a constant velocity

Question 6

What are the 5 factors affecting stability:

Answer 6

1. Base of support
2. Centre of Gravity
3. Line of Gravity
4. Mass
5. Friction

Question 7

Describe base of support in terms of stability

Answer 7

• Larger base of support = greater stability
• As base of support increases, muscular effort to maintain stability tends to decrease

Question 8

Describe Centre of Gravity in terms of stability

Answer 8

• The point around which weight is evenly distributed
• Generally close to belly button
• Lower centre of gravity = better balance
• Centre of gravity will shift to direction of greater mass

Question 9

Describe Line of gravity in terms of Stability

Answer 9

• If line of gravity is trhough middle of base of support = increase in stability
• When line of gravity is outside base of support = decrease in stability

Question 10

Describe mass in terms of stability

Answer 10

• Increased body mass = increase in stability
• Increased mass is beneficial for collission sports, disadvantageous for sports requiring constant changes in stability

Question 11

Describe friction in terms of stability

Answer 11

• Increasing friction = increase in stability
• Friction only affects stability when body and surface are in contact