Exam 2- week 7 ppt 6 Cerebral Vasculature: Intro and Middle Cerebral Artery

Question 1

Circle of Willis

Answer 1

Internal carotids and Basilar arteries

Question 2

Parts off of Internal carotid

Answer 2

~middle cerebral artery
~anterior cerebral artery
~posterior communicating artery

Question 3

Part off of basilar artery

Answer 3

posterior cerebral artery

Question 4

there are 2 types of arterial branches in the brain:

Answer 4

~penetrating

~cortical

Question 5

Penetrating branches

Answer 5

(central or ganglionic)
~branches of circle or proximal branches
~exit perpendicularly and are invasive

Question 6

Cortical branches

Answer 6

are distal branches of cerebral arteries serving more superficial structures

Question 7

Territories in the cerebrum

Answer 7

~central

~peripheral

Question 8

central territory of cerebrum

Answer 8

~the region where single artery is the sole source of blood flow

Question 9

peripheral territory of cerebrum

Answer 9

~overlapping blood flow from different vessels
~offers the potential for collateral blood flow
~has the potential to lessen damage following vessel occlusion

Question 10

Watershed Infarct

Answer 10

~occurs in peripheral territory when there is hypoperfusion such as with blood loss
~neither vascular supply can supply its peripheral territory because of low blood flow so an infarct occurs where these peripheral fields meet

Question 11

Antastomes btw the cerebral vascular supply (details)

Answer 11

~allows for interconnections between different cerebral arterial supply
~allow for retrograde blood flow to supply areas of brain not normally supplied by that artery
~Large examples of these include the posterior communicating artery and the anterior communicating artery but there may be other smaller examples.

Question 12

Middle Cerebral Arteries: initial penetrating branches

Answer 12

~Initial penetrating branches of the middle cerebral artery are the Lenticulostriate arteries
~traveled perpendicularly to supply parts of the internal capsule, lateral thalamus & basal nuclei
~also, superior and inferior divisions of the cortical branches of the middle cerebral artery with the superior division branches serving the frontal and parietal lobes and the inferior division branches serving the temporal lobe

Question 13

Superior division: what arteries (4)

Answer 13

~lateral orbitofrontal artery
~pre-rolandic artery
~rolandic artery
~anterior parietal artery

Question 14

Superior division: lateral orbitofrontal artery

Answer 14

~most anteriorly positioned major branch of the superior division of the middle cerebral artery
~serves the lateral aspect of the Orbitofrontal cortex which is part of the pre-frontal cortex
~involved in cognitive task of decision-making

Question 15

Superior division: pre-rolandic artery

Answer 15

~serves the pre-motor cortex
~frontal eye fields ( gaze center)
~Broca’s speech area

Question 16

Superior division: rolandic artery

Answer 16

~serves the pre and some post-central gyrus
~the primary motor cortex
~some primary somatosensory cortex

Question 17

Superior division: anterior parietal artery

Answer 17

~serves the rest of the post-central gyrus

~primary somatosensory cortex

Question 18

Inferior division: what arteries are here? (6)

Answer 18

~temporal polar
~anterior temporal 
~middle temporal 
~posterior temporal
~posterior parietal
~angular

Question 19

Inferior division: temporal polar and anterior temporal arteries

Answer 19

~most rostal branches of the inferior division are the temporal polar & anterior temporal arteries
~supply the superior and lateral pole of temporal lobe an area known to function in understanding meaning & semantic use of words

Question 20

Inferior division: middle temporal artery

Answer 20

~supplies middle portions of the superior & middle temporal gyri which have the primary auditory & auditory association areas
~auditory function bilaterally represented in these areas on each side of the cerebrum

Question 21

Inferior division: posterior temporal, posterior parietal, and angular arteries

Answer 21

~most posterior branches of the Inferior division of the middle cerebral artery
~supply posterior portion of the superior & middle temporal gyri, the supramarginal gyrus and the angular gyrus of parietal lobe & posterior superior temporal area
~blood supply to Wernicke’s speech area in the left hemisphere & visuospatial tasks on the right hemisphere.