Exam 2- week 7 ppt 4 Cerebrum Basal Nuclei and Internal Capsule Anatomy

Question 1

Where are the basal nuclei located?

Answer 1

in the subcortical white matter and midbrain

Question 2

the basal nuclei are highly interconnected and massively connected with

Answer 2

cerebral cortex and thalamus

Question 3

basal nuclei and multiple circuits

Answer 3

there are a lot of parallel processing in multiple circuits

Question 4

basal nuclei have a role in

Answer 4

~major role in the selection of motor plan, sequencing, and timing of movements
~recent role in cognitive function a focus of research

Question 5

basal nuclei: paired subcortical nuclei (5)

Answer 5

~Caudate nucleus
~Putamen
~Globus pallidus (internal and external segments)
~Subthalamic nucleus
~Substantia nigra (pars compacta & reticulata)

Question 6

Caudate nucleus: what is it composed of

Answer 6

a large head and long tapering body and very small tail in the temporal lobe

Question 7

Caudate nucleus: it forms the lateral wall of

Answer 7

the lateral ventricle

Question 8

Caudate nucleus: rostally head is contiguous with

Answer 8

nucleus accumbens

Question 9

Caudate nucleus: rostallu, lateral aspect merges with

Answer 9

putamen

Question 10

caudate nucleus + putamen =

Answer 10

striatum

Question 11

Caudate nucleus: head and body is medial to

Answer 11

internal capsule

~specifically the anterior limb of the internal capsule

Question 12

Caudate nucleus: in the temporal lobe, the tail is contiguous with

Answer 12

amygdala

Question 13

Amygdala

Answer 13

part of the limbic system

Question 14

Putamen: location

Answer 14

lateral to internal capsule with anterior limb separating it from the caudate nucleus and the posterior limb is separating it from the thalamus

Question 15

Putamen: numerous interconnections with

Answer 15

caudate nucleus

~these two nucleus merge rostally (striatum)

Question 16

Globus pallidus: location

Answer 16

located medial to putamen and lateral to internal capsule

Question 17

Globus pallidus + putamen =

Answer 17

lentiform nucleus

Question 18

Globus pallidus: connections btw GP and putamen

Answer 18

there are numerous connections btw GP and putamen but they function as distinct components of the basal nuclei

Question 19

Globus Pallidus: made of 2 parts

Answer 19

internal (inner) and external (outer) nuclei

Question 20

Subthalamic nucleus: location

Answer 20

~Ventral to posterior aspect of thalamus
~Medial to internal capsule which separates it from the globus pallidus but there are many connections between these two nuclei

Question 21

Substantia nigra: location

Answer 21

~ largest nucleus of the midbrain
~extending complete caudo-rostral length of midbrain
~seen as a black stripe through the length of the midbrain ventral to the subthalamus and red nucleus of the midbrain

Question 22

Substantia nigra: pigments

Answer 22

Neuromelanin pigment in cell bodies of dopaminergic neurons

Question 23

Substantia nigra: 2 regions

Answer 23

~pars compacta

~pars reticulata

Question 24

Substantia nigra: pars compacta

Answer 24

~cell-rich regions

~more dorsal

Question 25

Substanta nigra: pars reticulata

Answer 25

~cell sparse, dense, well-organized neuropil

~more ventral

Question 26

Striatum =

Answer 26

caudate + putamen

Question 27

corpus striatum =

Answer 27

striatum + globus pallidus

Question 28

lenticular nuclei =

Answer 28

putamen + globus pallidus

Question 29

pallidum=

Answer 29

globus pallidus

Question 30

ventral striatum =

Answer 30

nucleus acumben

Question 31

Internal capsule: is a V shaped structure that forms _ parts (name them)

Answer 31

3
~anterior limb
~genu
~posterior limb

Question 32

Internal capsule: anterior limb

Answer 32

between caudate and lentiform nucleus

Question 33

Internal capsule: genu

Answer 33

the bend

Question 34

Internal capsule: posterior limb

Answer 34

between thalamus and lentiform nucleus

Question 35

the internal capsule contain ascending and descending fibers to the

Answer 35

cerebral cortex

Question 36

Fibers in the anterior limb of the internal capsule

Answer 36

~thalamocortical fibers

~corticothalamic fibers

Question 37

Fibers in the genu of the internal capsule

Answer 37

corticobulbar fibers

Question 38

Fibers in the posterior limb of the internal capsule

Answer 38

~corticospinal fibers
~thalamocortical fibers
~corticothalamic fibers

Question 39

define neuropil

Answer 39

a dense network of interwoven nerve fibers and their branches and synapses, together with glial filaments.