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Year 4 Livestock and One Health > Dermatology: Bovine Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology: Bovine Dermatology Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is dermatology important?

A
  • Welfare and productivity
  • Indicate underlying conditions
  • Biosecurity- sales
  • Hide damage- hypoderma bovis
  • Zoonoses
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2
Q

Why are physical rub marks important and need preventing?

A
  • Part of accrediation schemes, milk buyer contracts
  • Indicative of environment/housing
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3
Q

What can cause rub-mark injuries?

A

Cubicle design and bedding- hock, stifle, perlvic, spinal
Feed barroer- neck (reduced DMI)
Cleanliness

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4
Q

What ectoparasites are more prominant in and outside?

A

Indoors
* Lice
* Mites

Outdoors
* Flies
* Ticks

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5
Q

Where are cattle commonly affected by pediculosis?

What are the different types of chewing and sucking lice?

A

Mainly on back, neck, head and shoulders
* Prurutic

Sucking- ligognathus vituli, haematopinus eurysternus
* anaemia in young calves
* blood-borne pathogens

Chewing- bovicula bovis

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6
Q
  1. What mites can infect cattle in order from least to most pruritic?
  2. Which is zoonotic?
  3. What are the signs?
  4. How it it diagnosed?
A
  1. Chorioptes bovis, sarcoptes scabei, Psoroptes bovis
  2. Sarcoptes
  3. Pruritis, rubbing, hair loss- legs, feet, tail base, caudal surfafe- chorioptes and psoroptes
    Neck and face- sarcoptes
  4. Skin scrapes- edge of lesion
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7
Q

What can be used for ectoparasite treatements?

A

Lice
* SP- spot/pour- resistance found
* MLs- pour on/injectable

Mites
* SP- mange
* MLs- pour on chorioptic, psoroptic/sarcoptic inject

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8
Q

What causes ringworm?
How is it treated and controlled?

A

Trichophyton verrucosum

  • Clean and disinfect housing
  • Turn animals out- UV
  • Vaccine to reduce sensitivity
  • Manual bathing
  • Topical enilconazole
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9
Q

What pathogen commonly causes pustular impetigo?

A

Staphylococcal infections
* Wounds
* Udder and perineum
* Poorly applied ear tags

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10
Q
  1. What pathogen commonly causes abscesses and cellulitis?
  2. What is the aetiology?
  3. How is it treated?
A
  1. Actinobacilli- truperella pyogenes
  2. LNs, penetrating injuries
  3. Open and drain, ABs
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11
Q

What causes lumpy jaw and wooden tongue?

A

Lumpy jaw- actinomyces bovis
Wooden tongue- actinobacillus ligniersii

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12
Q

What causes rain scald?

A

Dermatophilus congolenis

Associated with wet weather
Apply topical disinfectant
Treat with oxytet
Move to dry

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13
Q

When is bovine viral papillomatosis surgical removal indicated?

A

Self limiting
Penile and teat warts may need removal

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14
Q

What can cause stomatitis and mamillitis?

A

Stomatitis
* Bovine papular stomatitis
* Systemic disease- mucosal disease, MCF, IBR
* FMD- pyrexia, depression and feet

Mamillitis- bovine herpes

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15
Q

What nutrition can cause dermatology?

A

Trace elements/vit deficiencies
* Poor coat condition

Copper deficiency- poor growth, brown tinged coat with spectacles

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16
Q

What are primary and secondary causes of photosensitisation?

A

Primary
* photodynamic agents in the diet- St John’s Wort

Secondary
* Liver damage and accumulation of phylloerythrin

17
Q

What can cause the following physical problems?
1. Rubbing
2. Wool break

A
  1. Pruritis/irritation
  2. Nutritional/condition/stress/systemic disease
18
Q
  1. What causes sheep scab?
  2. How is it diagnosed?
  3. Where is it notifiable?
  4. How is it treated?
A
  1. Psoroptes ovis
  2. Skin scraps on the edge of crusting lesion, microscopy with liquid paraffin, serum ELISA
  3. Scotland
  4. Whole flock, OP (diazinon), certain MLs, avoid housing and pastures for 17 days
19
Q

What lice infect sheep?

A

Bovicola ovis

generally incidental
heavy infestations may indicate underlying flock health issue

Shear
Chemical- SPs, 3MLs, Diazinon

20
Q

When is treatment of orf indicated?

A

Self limiting 1-4 weeks

  • ABs indicated for secondary infections
  • Scabivax- not for naive flocks
21
Q

What causes caseous lymphadenitis

A

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

22
Q

What are flies and ticks vectors for?

A

Flies
* New forest disease
* BVDv
* Summer mastitis

Tick Borne
* Babesiosis
* Q-fever
* Bluetongue
* Schamellenberg

23
Q

How are flies controlled?

A
  • Inspection
  • Risk forecast
  • Topical treatments- SPs, IGR, MLs
  • Insecticide- ear tags, tail bands
  • Environmental- resudual spraying indoors, traps
24
Q

What are threats of foreign disease with dermatilogy?

A
  • Aujeskys disease
  • Besnoitiosis
  • Lumpy skin

Year 4 Livestock and One Health (58 decks)

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