D4.3

Question 1

Outline the cause and consequence of the greenhouse effect.

Question 2

Outline the cause and consequence of the enhanced greenhouse effect.

Question 3

List anthropogenic sources of atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane.

Question 4

State that methane is oxidized to carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Question 5

Outline climate changes that can result from the enhanced greenhouse effect.

Question 6

Explain the correlation between atmospheric CO2 and methane concentrations since the industrial revolution and global temperatures.​

Question 7

Define positive feedback.

Question 8

Outline five examples of positive feedback cycles related to global warming.

Question 9

Define tipping point.

Question 10

Explain changes in boreal forest carbon cycle due to climate change.

Question 11

Outline changes to polar landfast and sea ice habitat that result from global warming.

Question 12

Describe impact of changes to Antarctic polar ice on emperor penguin.

Question 13

Describe impact of changes to Arctic polar ice on walruses.​

Question 14

Outline the cause of ocean stratification.

Question 15

Define upwelling and current as ocean phenomena.

Question 16

Outline how a change in ocean currents and nutrient upwelling due to global warming has led to a change in ocean primary production.

Question 17

Discuss the consequences of a reduced ocean primary production on marine food chains. ​

Question 18

Explain how global warming has caused poleward and upslope shifts in habitats for temperate species.

Question 19

Explain why tropical montane species may be more sensitive to temperature shifts that result from climate change.

Question 20

Outline the effect of atmospheric CO2 concentration on ocean pH.

Question 21

Describe the impacts of lower ocean pH and higher average ocean temperature on coral reefs.

Question 22

Explain why loss of coral causes collapse of reef ecosystems.

Question 23

​Define carbon sequestration.

Question 24

Describe afforestation, and reforestation and restoration of peatlands as biologically based approaches to carbon sequestration.

Question 25

Define phenology.

Question 26

List variables that impact phenology.

Question 27

Discuss cause and consequence of phenological changes in an ecosystem. ​

Question 28

Describe the cause and consequences of desynchronization between the Arctic mouse-ear chickweed and arrival of migrating reindeer.

Question 29

Describe the cause and consequences of desynchronization between the breeding of the great tit and peak biomass of caterpillars in north European forests.​

Question 30

Discuss changes in the number of annual insect life cycles due to climate change.

Question 31

Outline the impact of increase of the spruce bark beetle life cycle on spruce trees in North America.​

Question 32

Outline impact of climate change as a selection pressure.

Question 33

Explain changes in the colors variants of the tawny owl as an example of evolution in response to climate change. ​