D1.1

Question 1

State that DNA replication is the production of exact copies of DNA with identical base sequences.

Question 2

Outline the purposes of DNA replication.​

Question 3

Describe the meaning of “semi conservative” in relation to DNA replication.

Question 4

Explain the role of complementary base pairing in DNA replication.

Question 5

State why DNA strands must be separated prior to replication.

Question 6

Outline the role of helicase in DNA replication.

Question 7

Outline the role of DNA polymerases in DNA replication.

Question 8

State that there are separate DNA polymerases for each stand of template DNA.

Question 9

State the function of the PCR.

Question 10

Outline the process of the PCR, including the use of primers, temperature changes and Taq polymerase.

Question 11

Deduce the number and relative size of DNA fragments from the number of bands in an electrophoresis gel.

Question 12

Outline the procedure for DNA electrophoresis.

Question 13

Describe how and why DNA fragments separate during electrophoresis.​ ​

Question 14

List applications of the PCR.

Question 15

Outline the use of the PCR in testing for viral infection.

Question 16

Discuss advantages and disadvantages of using the PCR test for viral infections.

Question 17

Outline the process of DNA profiling.

Question 18

List applications of DNA profiling.

Question 19

Analyze a DNA profile to determine relatedness or forensic guilt.

Question 20

List example sources of DNA that can be used in DNA profiling.​

Question 21

Identify the 5’ ends and 3’ ends of a strand of DNA.

Question 22

Describe the formation of the covalent bond between adjacent nucleotides during DNA replication.

Question 23

State that DNA polymerases can only add free nucleotides to an existing DNA strand.

Question 24

State that DNA polymerases can only add the 5’ phosphate of a free nucleotide to the 3’ deoxyribose of the elongating strand.

Question 25

Explain why replication is different on the leading and lagging strands of DNA.

Question 26

Compare the pace and direction of replication on the leading and lagging strands of DNA.

Question 27

Outline the formation of Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.

Question 28

Explain the need for RNA primers in DNA replication.

Question 29

Compare the number of RNA primers on the leading and lagging strands.

Question 30

Outline the function of the enzyme DNA primase.

Question 31

Outline the function of the enzyme DNA polymerase III.

Question 32

Outline the function of the enzyme DNA polymerase I.

Question 33

Explain why there are gaps between adjacent Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.

Question 34

Outline the function of the enzyme DNA ligase.

Question 35

State the function of DNA proofreading.

Question 36

Outline the process of DNA proofreading by DNA polymerase III.