A3.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Define “taxonomy”

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2
Q

List the levels of classification in the traditional hierarchy of taxa

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3
Q

Outline the benefits of having a system of classification of organisms

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4
Q

List the levels of classification in the traditional hierarchy of taxa

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5
Q

Discuss limitations of the traditional classification system

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6
Q

Define “synapomorphies.”

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7
Q

Discuss advantages of a classification system that corresponds to evolutionary relationships

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8
Q

Define clade

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9
Q

identify a clade as a branch in a cladogram

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10
Q

List evidence used for placing organisms in a clade

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11
Q

Outline the relationship between time, evolutionary relationships and biological sequences (nitrogenous base or amino acid)

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12
Q

State the source of differences between biological sequences (nitrogenous base or amino acid)

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13
Q

State that DNA and amino acids sequences can be the basis for constructing cladograms

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13
Q

Outline the use of a “molecular clock” to determine time since divergence between two clades

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14
Q

Outline the relationship between time, evolutionary relationships and biological sequence (nitrogenous base or amino acid) similarities between species.

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15
Q

Define “parsimony” as used in a biological context

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16
Q

Outline how the principle of parsimony relates to evolutionary divergence between the members of a clade

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17
Q

Define “cladogram”

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18
Q

Outline what is represented by a “root”, “node” and “terminal branch” on a cladogram

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19
Q

Analyze a cladogram to deduce evolutionary relationships, common ancestry and clades

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20
Q

Explain why the development of cladistics lead to the reclassification of some species.

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21
Q

Outline the reason and evidence for the reclassification of the figwort family

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22
Q

List the three domains of life

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23
Q

Discuss evidence from rRNA base sequences that led to the reclassification of life from two cell types (prokaryotic and eukaryotic) to three domains

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24
Q

Interpret the tree diagram that illustrates the evolutionary relationship between organisms of the three domains.

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