Cytology week 9 (Got 3 content)

Question 1

What is Adipose tissue?

Answer 1

Connective tissue that is dominated by fat stroing cells called adipocytes

Question 2

Where and how can adipoctyes be found

Answer 2

-In small groups within connectove tissues or in large aggregates in organs

Question 3

What are the 5 main functions of Adipose tissue

Answer 3

• Energy Storage
  -Regulation of Metabolism
  -Endocrine Role
  -Thermal insulation
  -Mechanical support

Question 4

What are the types of Adipose tissue

Answer 4

• White Adipose tissue
• Brown Adipose Tissue

Question 5

What is the function of white Adipose tissue

Answer 5

-Specialised for fat storage

Question 6

What does white adipose tissue contain

Answer 6

• Large cytoplasmic droplets of whitish-yellow fat

Question 7

What does brown adipose tissue contain

Answer 7

• Multiple lipid droplets
• Abundant Mitochondria

Question 8

What is the function of the brown adipose tissue

Answer 8

• Releases heat to warm the blood

Question 9

What is white adipose tissue composed of?

Answer 9

• Composed of large adipocytes with a single large triglyceride droplet

Question 10

Why do adipocytes appear empty in slides

Answer 10

• Due to lipid removal

Question 11

Explain the tissue structure of white adipose tisue

Answer 11

• The white adipose tissue is divided into lobules by connective tissue containing vascular bed and nerve networks
  -Reticular fibres from a suppoertive network around adipocytes
  -

Question 12

White adipocytes can store triglycerides derived from what 3 sources

Answer 12

• Dietary fats
  -Lipids synthesized in the liver
  -Free fatty acids and glycerol

Question 13

Explain how dietary fats are sources of triglycerides for storage( How are dietery fats transported

Answer 13

-Transported into the blood as chylomicrons, which are lipid particles formed in the small intestine
- Chhylomicorns

Question 14

What does chylomicron contain

Answer 14

• Triglycerides
• Phospholipids
  -Cholestrol
  -Apolipoproteins

Question 15

How are liver sythesized lipids transported in the blood

Answer 15

• As very low density lipoproteins (VLDLs)
• Smaller than chylomicrons, they are synthesized in the liver cells and categorised based on density

Question 16

Where are free fatty acids and glycerol produced

Answer 16

• They are produced within adipocytes

Question 17

Explain the triglycericde storage process

Answer 17

Hydrolysis of chylomicrons and VLDLs
- Occurs at capillary surfaces via lipoprotein lipase (synthesized by adipocytes).
-Free fatty acids enter adipocytes through active transport and diffusion.
-Fatty acids combine with glycerol phosphate (from glucose metabolism) to form triglycerides, stored in lipid droplets.

Question 18

What is the role of insulin in the triglycerid storage process

Answer 18

• Stimulates glucose uptake and conversion into triglycerides
• Increase lipoprotein lipase producttion and inhibits lipid mobilization