Anatomy week 14 Flashcards
Where does the deep fascia of the lower limbs extends from
- Extends from the iliac crest to the sole of the foot
Name the 3 fascia of the lower limb
- Fascia lata
-Crural Fascia
-Foot fascia
What does the fascia lata surround and form
- Thigh muscles
-Forms the iliotibial tract
What does the crural fascia surround and what does it form
- Covers the leg muscle
-Forms the flexor and extensor retinacula at the ankle
What does the Foot Fascia form
- The plantar aponeurosis on the sole
Name the regions of the lower limb
- Gluteal region
-Thigh
-Popliteal and genual region
-Leg
-Foot
What does the Gluteal Region include
- The buttock
What are the functions of the muscular compartments of the gluteal region
- They laterally rotate,abduct,adduct,extend and flex the hip joint
Explain the nerves and blood vessles that the muscular compartments of the gluteal region contains
Nerves:
-Superior gluteal
-Inferior gluteal
-Sciatic nerve
Blood vessels:
-Superior and inferior gluteal arteries and veins
Name the muscle and blood vessels that pass between the pelvis and the gluteal region through the greater sciatic foramen
- Piriformis muscle
-blood vessels:
-Superior and inferior gluteal vessels
What is the role of the Deep Fascia
- Creates compartments that seperate limb musculature
Name the 3 compartments in the Thigh region
-Anterior
-Medial
-posterior
What is the 4 compartments in the leg region
- Anterior compartment
-Lateral compartment
-Superficial Posterior comparmtnet
-Deep posterior compartment
What is the function of the Anterior and posterior compartments in the thigh region
Anterior:
- Flex the hip and extends the knee
Posterior:
-Extends the hip and flexes the knee
What does the Anterior and Posterior compartment of the thigh contains
Anterior:
- Femoral nerve
-Femoral artery and vein
Posterior:
- Sciatic nerve
-Deep artery and veins of thigh
Explain what is the function of the 4 different compartments in the leg
Anterior: Dorsiflexion and foot inversion
Lateral: eversion and plantar flexion
Superficial posterior: Plantar flexion
Deep Posterior : Plantar flexion foot inversion
What do the 4 compartments of the leg contain (minus the superficial Posterior)
Anterior: Contains deep fibular nerve and anterior tibial artery
Lateral :Superficial fibular nerve
Deep posterior:tibial nerve, posterior tibial and fibular arteries
What is Tarsal Tunnel syndrome caused by
- Caused by swelling of synovial sheaths in the tarsal tunnel
What are symptoms of tarsal tunnel syndrome
- Burning pain,Numbness, tingling in heel due to tibial nerve compression
What is the Tarsal tunnel?
- What is it formed by?
- Passageway on the medial ankle , formed by the flexor retinaculum
What is the function of the retinacula
- Binds tendons of long extensor and flexor muscles as they cross the ankle
What is the function of the medial compartment in the thigh region
Flex, Extend, Adduct hip
What does the medial compartment of the thigh contain
-Obturator nerve+ femoral nerve
- Obturator artery and vein, deep artery and vein of the thigh
Name the muscles the superficial layer in the medial compartment of the THIGH muscles contain
-Pectineus
-Adductor longus
-Adductor brevis
-Gracilis
Name the muscles the deep layer of the THIGH contains in the MEDIAL compartment
- Adductor magnus
-Obturator externus
Name the muscles of the Anterior compartment of the leg muscle
- Tibialis anterior, Extensor digitorum longus, Extenosr hallucis longus, Fibularis tertius
Name the muscles in the lateral compartment of the LEG
-Fibularis longus
-Fibularis brevis
Name the muscles in the Superficial Posterior compartment of the LEG
-Gastrocnemius
-Soleus
-Plantaris
Name the muscles in the deep posterior of the leg
- Tibialis posterior
-Flexor digitorum longus
-Flexor hallucis longus
-Popliteus
