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Medicine Sem 1 > Anatomy Abdominal Wall week6 > Flashcards

Anatomy Abdominal Wall week6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Abdomen divided into ?

A

4 Quadranrs
9 Regions

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2
Q

What is the Transphyloric plane?

A
  • A transverse plane located halfway between the jugular notch and the pubic crest
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3
Q

Where is the subcutaneous layer located of the abdominal wall?

A
  • Between the skin and muscular layer of thhe abdominal wall
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4
Q

What components does the subcutaneous layer consist of and their alternative names

A
  • -Superficial Fatty layer(campers fascia)
  • Deep membranous layer(scarpas fascia)
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5
Q

What does the 1st components of the subcutaneous layer contain?

A
  • Variable amounts of fat
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6
Q

Explain the structure and function of 2nd component in the subcutaneous layer?

A
  • A Tough ,fibrous sheet
  • Covers the lower anterior abdominal wall
  • Extends into the perineum , where it becomes continous with the superficial perineal fascia
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7
Q

Name the flat muscles that make up the anterior and lateral walls of the muscular layer

A
  • Exteral oblique
  • Internal oblique
    -Transversus oblique
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7
Q

Name the 3 key structures of the 3 flat muscles

A
  • Inguinal ligament
    -Conjoined tendon
  • Linea Alba
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8
Q

What is the inguinal ligament fomed by?

A
  • Thickened edge of the external oblique aponeurosis
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9
Q

What is the conjoined tendon formed by?

A
  • Formed by the aponeroses of the internal oblique and trasnversus abdominis
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10
Q

What is the linea alba formed by

A
  • overlapping aponeuroses from the xiphoid process to the pubis
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11
Q

What is the structure of the Rectus Sheat

Include:
- What it encloses
- What it is formed by

A

-Encloses the rectus abdominis and pyramidalis muscles.
-Formed by the aponeuroses of anterolateral abdominal muscles

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12
Q

What is the function of the anterior layer in the rectus Sheath

A
  • It extends the entire length of the rectus muscle
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13
Q

Where does the posterior layer end in the rectus sheath and where is it present

A
  • At the arcuate line
  • Present in the upper 2/3 of the rectus muscle
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14
Q

What is the anterior layer above the arcuate line formed by?

A
  • External oblique aponeurosis and the anterior leaf of the internal oblique aponeurosis
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15
Q

What is the posterior layer above the arcuate layer formed by ?

A
  • Transversus abdominis aponeurosis and the posteoir leaf of the internal oblique aponeurosis.
16
Q

What is below the arcuate line?

A

All the 3 aponerosis: External oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis

17
Q

What is the function of the posterior wall

A
  • Forms the posterior boundary of the abdominal cavity
18
Q

What are the 3 main muscle in the posterior wall

A
  • 5 Primary Muscles
  • Iliopsoas muscle
  • Thoracic diaphragm
19
Q

What are the names of the 5 primary muscles

A
  • Psoas Major
  • Psoas Minor
  • Quadratus lumborum
    -iliacus
  • diaphragm
20
Q

What is the role of the Thoracic diaphragm as a muscle in the posterior wall

A

-Forms the superior portion of the abdominal wall

21
Q

What is the Iliopsoas muscle formed by

A

Union of the psoas major and iliacus

22
Q

Name the three types of facia in the Posterior abdominal wall

A
  • Psoas Fascia
  • Thoracolumbar fascia
  • Endoabdominal fascia
23
Q

Name the 3 different types of endoabdominal fascia

A
  • Transversalis fascia
  • Diaphgramatic fascia
    -Psoas fascia
24
Q

What does the psoas fascia attach to

which is 1 of the fascias in the fascias of the posterior abdominal wall

A

Attaches medially to the lumbar vertebrae

25
Q

What does the Thoracolumbar fascia enclose?
What does it fuse with ?
( One of the three main fascias in the posterior abdominal wall)

A

-Quadratus lumborum
-Aponeurosis of the transverus Abddominis

26
Q

What is the function of the endoabdominal fascia?

A

-Lines the internal surface of the abdominal wall muscles

27
Q

Where is the iliopubic Tract

A

Inguinal region

28
Q

What is the structure of the internal surface of the anterior Abdominal wall

A
  • Lined by transversalis fascia
  • Contains variable amounts of fat
29
Q

Name the three structures that create the peritoneal folds

( in the internal surface of the Anterior Abdominal wall)

A
  • Median Umbilical cord
  • Medial Umbilical Folds
  • Lateral Umbilical Folds
30
Q

Describe the type of fold the structures creating the peritoneal folds have

A

Medial Umbilical cord
- single midline fold
Medial Umbilical Fold
- Paired folds
Lateral Umbilical Folds
- Paired folds

31
Q

What is peritoneal Fossae

A
  • Depressions between peritoneal folds and they are sites for herination
32
Q

What does the Peritoneal fossae include

A
  • Supra-vesical fossa
  • Medial inguinal fossa
  • Lateral inginal fossa
33
Q

What is the structure of the flaciform ligament

A
  • Double-layered peritoneal reflection
34
Q

What is the function of the flaciform ligament

A
  • Connects the liver to the anterior abdominal walls

Medicine Sem 1 (18 decks)

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