Anatomy week 15 Arteries Flashcards
Name the 2 branches of the Internal Iliac Artery
- Superior gluteal arteries - - inferior gluteal arteries
- Obturator artery
Name the 4 branches of the Femoral Artery
- Superficial circumflex iliac and Superficial epigastric arteries
-Superficial and deep external pudendal arteries
-Descending genicular artery
-Deep artery of the thigh
Name the branches of the Popliteal Artery
- Five genicular branches
-Anterior tibial and posterior tibial arteries
(Anterior and posterior tibial arteries)
(starting w medial and lateral)+ middle and genicular
Name the 4 Genicular anastomis arteries
- Medial and lateral superior genicular arteries
-Medial and lateral inferior genicular arteries - Middle genicular artery
- ## Descending genicular artery
Name the arteries/branches of the Posterior Tibial Artery
- Fibular artery
-Medial and lateral plantar arteries
What are the name of the 2 branches that the Fibular artery at the ankle gives off
- Perforating branch
-Malleolar branch
Name for the 4 arteries of the sole ( of the foot)
- Medial plantar artery
-Lateral plantar artery
-Deep plantar arch
-Four plantar metatarsal arteries
Name the 3 arteries of the Dorsum of the foot
- Lateral Tarsal and arcuate arteries
- Deep plantar artery
- Dorsal metatarsal arteries and dorsal digital arteries
Name the 2 venous systems in the lower limb and what they are connected by
- Deep and superficial veins connected by perforating vein
Name 2 deep veins in the lower limb
- Femoral vein
-Superior and inferior gluteal veins
Name the 2 superficial veins in the lower limb
- Great saphenous vein
-Small saphenous vein
Name the spaces in the thigh
- Femoral triangle
-Adductor canal
-Retroinguinal space
What does the Femoral Triangle contain
- Femoral artery, vein
- Terminal branches of the femoral nerve
What does the Adductor canal contain
- Femoral vessels
-Saphenous branch of the femoral nerve
Where does the adductor canal begin
- At the inferior apex of the femoral triangle
Where does the adductore canal end
- Adductur hiatus
Name the compartments the retroinguinal space can be divided into
- Lateral Muscular compartmnet
- Medial vascular compartment
What does the lateral muscular compartment
Contain in the retroinguinal space?
Femoral nerve and iliopsoas muscle
What does the medial vascular compartment contain
Femoral vessels
What is the function of the femoral sheath
Surrounds the femoral vessels
Name the compartments of the femoral sheath
Medial
Lateral
Central
What does the compartments of the femoral sheath contain
Medial: Loose connective tissues, fat
Central: Femoral vein
Lateral : Femoral artery
When do femoral Hernias occur
- When intestinal contents pass through the femoral ring and femoral canal
Where are femoral Hernias loacted
Below the inguinal ligament
Where are Inguinal hernias located
- Above the inguinal ligament
Where do femoral Hernias appear
-In the femoral triangle
What is the common cause of Femoral Neck fracture
- Low energy impact
Who does Femoral Neck fractures commonly affect
- Women over 60 years old with osteoporosis
What is the effect of Femoral Neck fracture
- Leads to limb shortening and lateral external rotation
What does Femoral Neck fractures increase the risk of
- Avascular Necrosis
How are popliteal Aneurysms identified
- Palpable pulse and abnormal sounds
What are the effects of a popliteal aneurysm on the Tibial nerve
- ## It can stretch the nerve or block the blood duply causing pain
Where does pain occur in Popliteal aneurysms
- Medial calf, ankle and foot
What is Pes Planus also known as
Flat foot
What is Pes Planus(Flat foot)
It is when the Active stabilizers muscle and Passive stabilizers ligaments of the medial longitudinal arch are weak and absent
What is the cause of flat foot
When the head of the Talus is unsupported, leading to forefoot eversion and abduction and increased stress on the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
Who is Flat foot common in
- Older people who stand for long time
- Children under 3 years
How is body weight transferred
From the tibia m through the talus and to the heel and ball of the foot
Name the boundaries of the femoral triangle
-Superiorly
Medially
Laterally
Floor
Apex
What do the boundaires of the femoral triangle contain
Superiorly- Inguinal ligament
Medially- Adductor longus
Laterally -sartorius muscle
Floor - Iliopsoas and pectineus muscle
Apex– Medial and lateral borders
