Anatomy week 11 Flashcards
What are the functions of the muscles of the Pectoral Girdle
- They attach the upper limb to the trunk
- Move and Stabilize the pectoral girdle during shoulder shoulder movement
What are the anterior muscles of the pectoral girdle
-subclavius
-pectoralis minor
-serratus anterior.
What are the posterior muscles of the pectoral girdle
- trapezius,
-levator scapulae
-rhomboid major,
-rhomboid minor.
Where do the posterior muscles of the of the Pectoral girdle originate fro and where do they insert?
Originate from cervical and thoracic vertebrae and insert on the scapula
What are the Anterior mucles of the pectoral girdle anchored to
- Ribs and pectoral girdle boned
What are the functions of the muscles of the shoulder region
-Muscles crossing the glenohumeral joint stabilize the humerus in the glenoid cavity and assist in arm movements
Name the 3 major muscle groups of the shoulder region
- Trunk muscles
-Scapulohumeral muscles - Rotator Cuff muscles
What do the trunk muscles include
- Pectoralis Major and Latissimus Dorsi
What is the function of the Scapulohumeral muscles
- Attach humerus to scapula
What is the function of the trunk muscles
- They connect the axial skeleton to the humerus
What is the function of the individual muscles in the trunk muscles
Pectoralis Major: Strong flexor, adductor, and medial rotator of the arm.
Latissimus Dorsi: Strong extensor, adductor, and medial rotator of the arm.
Name the muscles of the scapulohumeral muscles
Deltoid:
Teres Major:
Supraspinatus:
Infraspinatus & Teres Minor:
Subscapularis
What does the Rotator cuff muscles include
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis.
What are the 2 functions of the rotator cuff muscles
-Stabilize the glenohumeral joint dynamically.
-Tendons form a supportive cuff
What is the function of the muscles that are apart of the scapulohumeral muscles
-Deltoid: Abducts, flexes, and extends the arm.
-Teres Major: Adducts and internally rotates the arm.
-Supraspinatus: Initiates the first 15° of arm abduction and assists the deltoid.
-Infraspinatus & Teres Minor: Externally rotate the arm.
-Subscapularis: Internally rotates the arm.
What is the general function about the muscles of the arm
Moves the shoulderand elbow joints
What divides the arm into anterior and posterior compoartments
Brachial fascia
Name the compartments in the arm
- Anterior
-Posterior
What does the Anterior compartment contain in the arm
- Musculocutaneous
-Brachial artery vein
What is the functions of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm
- Flex the glenohumeral and elbow joint
Where does the Median and ulnar nerves descend along
- Descend along Medial side of the arm between the compartments
What muscles does the Posterior compartment of the arm contain
- Radial nerve
-Deep brachial artery and vein
What is the function of the posterior compartment the arm
- Extend the glenohumeral and elbow joint
What is the genereal function of the muscles of the forearm
- Move the joints of the elbow, wrist and hand
Name the components of the forearm
Anterior and Posterior
What is the function of the Anterior component of the forearm
- Flexion and pronation of the elbow, wrist and hand joint
What does the Anterior compartment of the forearm contain
-Medial and Ulnar nerves
- Ulnar and anterior interosseous arteries and veins
What does the Posterior compartment of the forearm contain
- Radial nerve
- Radial and posterior interosseous arteries and veins
What is the function of the posterior compartment of the forearm
- Extension of the elbow rists and hand joints
- Supination of the radioulnar joint
What acts as the flexor of the elbow joint in the forearm
- Bracioaradialis
Name the 6 different fascia in the hand
-Deep fascia
-Pectoralis fascia
-Clavi pectoral fascia
-Axillary fascia
-Brachial Fascia
- Antebrachial fascia
Name the compartments of the upper limb
- the anterior and posterior compartments of the arm
- the anterior and posterior compartment s of the forearm
- the thenar,
hypothenar,
central, adductor, and interosseous compartments of the palm of the hand.
What is the function of the spaces between the muscles of the shoulder and scapula
They allow nerve and vessels to pass between the axilla, posterior scapula and the humeral regions
Name all the spaces in the muscles and shoulder
The quadrangular space
-The scapular notch
-The triangular Space
-The triceps hiatus
What is the function of the quadrangular space
Transmits the posterior circumflex humeral artery and axillary nerve
What is the quadrangular space bounded by
- long head of the triceps,humerus,teres major or teres minor ,muscles
What does the scapular notch lie deep to
- Suprspinatus muscle
What is the Triangualr space bounded by
Long head of the triceps, teres major and teres minor muscles
What is the function of the Triangular space
- Transmits the circumflex scapular artery
What is the function of the Triceps hiatus
- Transmits the radial nerve and deep brachial artery
What is the function of the subclavian artery
-Supplies the neck,part of the thoracic wall and the upper limb
Exlain where the right subclavian artery branches from
Branches of the brachiocephalic trunk from the aortic arch
Where does the left subclavian artery arise from
- Aortic arch
What is the name of the branches of the subclavian Artery
- Vertebral artery
-Internal Thoracic Artery
-Thyrocervical Artery
Explain the function of the branches of the subclavian artery
-Vertebral Artery: Supplies parts of the brain.
-Internal Thoracic Artery: Supplies the thoracic wall.
-Thyrocervical Artery branches into 4 different arteries
What is the pathway of the subclavian artery
Passes through the superior thoracic apperture and over the 1st rib
Where does the Axillary Artery originate from
- Continues from the subclavian artery
Name the three parts the Axillary Artery is divided into
Proximal Third
Middle Third
Distal Third
What is the branches of the proximal third and function
Superior thoracic artery: Supplies 1st intercostal muscles.
Name the branches that the Middle third has
Thoracoacromial artery
Lateral thoracic artery
Name the branches that the Distal third has
-Subscapular artery:
- Anterior circumflex humeral artery:
-Posterior circumflex humeral artery:
What are the branches of the brachial artery
-Deep artery of the arm:
-Radial artery
-ulnar arteries:
Where is superficial veins found and where do they drain into
Subcutaneous tissue
Deep veins
Name the 4 major veins
Cephalic Vein
Basilic Vein
Median Cubital Vein
Median Antebrachial Vein
Name the arteries of the wrists and hands(Networks and Arches)
-Palmar and Dorsal Carpal Networks
-Superficial and Deep Palmar Arches
What does the Princeps Pollicis Artery in the hand supply
Supplies the thumb
What does the
Radialis Indicis
Palmar supply?
Supplies the index finger
What does the Palmar and Dorsal Metacarpal/Digital Arteries supply?
Supplys hand and digits
