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PT100 Study > Chapter 3: Levels of Organization > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Levels of Organization Flashcards

1
Q

Abduction

A

Movement toward the side, away from the body

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2
Q

Adduction

A

movement toward the side, toward the body

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3
Q

Anterior

A

toward or near the front; ventral

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4
Q

Posterior

A

Toward or near the back; dorsal

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5
Q

Base

A

The lower or supporting part of any structure

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6
Q

Apex

A

the pointed tip of a conical structure

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7
Q

Bilateral

A

both sides

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8
Q

Unilateral

A

One side

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9
Q

Contralateral

A

The opposite side

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10
Q

Ipsilateral

A

the same side

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11
Q

Deep

A

further into the body

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12
Q

superficial

A

nearer to the surface of the body

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13
Q

eversion

A

movement of the ankle causing the bottom of the foot to face toward the side or laterally

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14
Q

inversion

A

movement or the ankle causing the bottom of the foot to face toward the midline or medially

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15
Q

flexion

A

movement toward the front or anterior (exception at the knee joint)

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16
Q

extension

A

movement toward the back or posterior (exception of the knee joint)

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17
Q

Horizontal adduction

A

movement of the arm toward the midline, or anterior, when at shoulder level

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18
Q

Horizontal abduction

A

movement of the arm away from midline, or posterior, when at shoulder level

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19
Q

Medial

A

toward the midline; nearer to the middle

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20
Q

lateral

A

away from the midline; toward the side

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21
Q

medial rotation

A

rotation movement of the shoulder or hip toward the midline; internal rotation

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22
Q

lateral rotation

A

rotation movement of the shoulder or hip away from the midline; external rotation

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23
Q

pronation

A

rotation movement of the forearm to palm down; palm facing posterior

TIP
prone = pronation = facing down

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24
Q

supination

A

rotation movement of the forearm to palm up; palm facing anterior

TIP
supine = supination = facing up

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25
protraction
movement of the scapula away from the spinal column; scapular abduction
26
retraction
movement of the scapula toward the spinal column; scapular adduction
27
proximal
nearer to the axial body
28
distal
further from the axial body
29
radial deviation
movement of the wrist toward the radius or away from the body; wrist abduction
30
ulnar deviation
movement of the wrist toward the ulna or toward the body; wrist adduction
31
superior
toward or nearer the head; cranial
32
inferior
toward or nearer to the feet; caudal
33
supine
lying horizontally facing upward
34
prone
lying horizontally facing downward
35
ventral
front; anterior
36
dorsal
back, posterior
37
COMBINING FORMS AND THEIR MEANINGS Anterior
Anter/o Toward or near the front; Ventral
38
COMBINING FORMS AND THEIR MEANINGS Distal
dist/o further from the axial body
39
COMBINING FORMS AND THEIR MEANINGS Dorsal
dors/o Back; posterior
40
COMBINING FORMS AND THEIR MEANINGS Inferior
infer/o toward or near the feet: caudal
41
COMBINING FORMS AND THEIR MEANINGS lateral
later/o away from the midline; toward the side
42
COMBINING FORMS AND THEIR MEANINGS medial
medi/o toward the midline; nearer to the middle
43
COMBINING FORMS AND THEIR MEANINGS Posterior
poster/o toward or near the back; dorsal
44
COMBINING FORMS AND THEIR MEANINGS proximal
proxim/o nearer to the axial body
45
COMBINING FORMS AND THEIR MEANINGS superior
super/o toward or nearer to the head; cranial
46
COMBINING FORMS AND THEIR MEANINGS Ventral
ventr/o front; anterior
47
ABBREVIATIONS abd
abduction
48
ABBREVIATIONS add
adduction
49
ABBREVIATIONS ant
anterior
50
ABBREVIATIONS post
posterior
51
ABBREVIATIONS flex
flexion
52
ABBREVIATIONS ext
extension
53
ABBREVIATIONS L
left
54
ABBREVIATIONS R
right
55
ABBREVIATIONS lat
lateral
56
ABBREVIATIONS med
medial
57
ABBREVIATIONS LE
lower extremity; leg
58
ABBREVIATIONS UE
Upper extremity; arm
59
ABBREVIATIONS LLQ
Left Lower Quadrant
60
ABBREVIATIONS LUQ
Left Upper Quadrant
61
ABBREVIATIONS RLQ
Right Lower Quadrant
62
ABBREVIATIONS RUQ
Right Upper Quadrant
63
BODY CAVITIES Dorsal Cavity
posterior or back of the body, including the cranial and vertebral cavities
64
BODY CAVITIES Ventral Cavity
anterior or front of the body, including the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity
65
BODY CAVITIES Cranial
houses the brain crani - skull
66
BODY CAVITIES Vertebral
vetebr- vertebra or backbone spinal column
67
BODY CAVITIES Thoracic
pertaining to chest region Contains the lungs, heart, great vessels, trachea, and thymus
68
BODY CAVITIES abdominopelvic
abdomen and pelvic areas imaginary line between abdominal and pelvic cavities
69
BODY CAVITIES abdominal cavity
stomach, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and small intestines kidneys lie at back of abdomen in the retroperitoneal space
70
BODY CAVITIES retroperitoneal space
kidneys, lateral to the spinal column, back of the abdominal cavity
71
BODY CAVITIES pelvic cavity
sigmoid colon, rectum, bladder in females: uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries
72
Anatomical Position
the patient is standing upright, with arms at the side and palms facing forward. The patient’s legs are straight, and the toes are pointing forward.
73
Supine Position
lying horizontally, facing upward
74
Prone Position
Lying horizontally facing downward
75
Appendicular
the portion of the body that includes the arms, or upper extremities, and the legs, or lower extremities terms used, proximal and distal
76
Fundamental Position
anatomical position but with the palms turned inward with the thumbs facing forward
77
Medical terminology students generally study the human body at this level
organ and organ-system levels chemistry courses at the atomic and molecular levels some biology courses at the cellular level
78
When the body is in a horizontal direction or producing rotation of the body part, it is moving in which plane?
when motion occurs in a horizontal direction or produces rotation of the body part, it is moving in the transverse plane
79
abbreviations AP
Anteroposterior From front to back
80
Abbreviations PA
Posteroanterior From back to front

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