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PT100 Study > Chapter 2: Medical Word Elements and Suffixes > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Medical Word Elements and Suffixes Flashcards

1
Q

Word Root (WR)

A

main stem, or primary meaning of the word

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2
Q

Suffixes

A

a word part that comes at the end of the medical term

Tip: Suffixes ALWAYS change the meaning of the term

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3
Q

Prefixes

A

a word part that comes at the beginning of the medical term

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4
Q

Word Root (WR) + Combining Vowel (CV) =

A

Combined Form (CF)

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5
Q

Definition: Combining Forms

A

created by joining a word root to a combining vowel.

Combining vowel is not always necessary, is o in nearly all cases, with a few exceptions

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6
Q

Emphasis on combining vowel

A

emphasis nearly always shifts to syllable containing the combining vowel, when an o, also changes to a short “ah” sound.

ex: thermometer

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7
Q

When is a combining vowel not needed?

A

When the next word part begins iwth a vowel (a, e, i, o, u).

ex. arthr (meaning joint) combined with suffix -itis (meaning inflammation).

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8
Q

Three Simple Steps to Deciphering Medical Terms

A
  1. Translate the LAST word part first (suffix)
  2. Translate the FIRST word part next (prefix)
  3. Translate the FOLLOWING word parts in order (F)

Legal Form Method
Writing your name: last, first, middle

SPF - sunscreen method
Suffix
Prefix
Following

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9
Q

Pathology Terms

A

refer to diseases and disorders of all body systems. Requires study and memorization.

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10
Q

Pronunciation Guide: ae and oe

A

pronounce only the E

ex. Pleurae (PLOO-rē)

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11
Q

Pronunciation Guide: -es

A

when located at the end of a word, may be pronounced as a separate syllable

ex. nares (NĀR-ēz)

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12
Q

Pronunciation Guide: g and c (two ways)

A
  1. pronounce as j and s before e, i, and y

ex. generic (jĕ-NĔ R-ĭk), gelatin (JĔL-ă-tĭn), cycle (SĪ-kĭl), cytology (sī-TŎ-lō-jē)

Rhyming: e, i, and y rhyme, while a, o, and u do not.
e, i, y; rhymes; juicy, softy

  1. pronounce as g and k before other letters

ex. gait (gāt), gastric (GĂS-trĭk), caffeine (kă-FĒN), calcium (KĂL-sē-ŭm)

Tip: guh, kuh; harder consonants.
a, o, u; hard; ga go goo, ka, ko, koo

???

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13
Q

Pronunciation Guide: -i

A

when located at the end of a word, generally indicates a plural; pronounce as ī or ē

ex. alveoli (ăl-VĒ-ō-lī) bronchi (BRŎNG-kī)

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14
Q

Pronunciation Guide: pn-

A

pronounce only the n

ex. pneumonia (nū-MŌ-nē-ă), pneumatic (nū-MĂT-ĭk)

tip: ignore the p

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15
Q

Pronunciation Guide: ps-

A

pronounce only the s

ex. pneumonia (nū-MŌ-nē-ă), pneumatic (nū-MĂT-ĭk)

tip: ignore the p

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16
Q

Suffixes that Indicate Medical Specialty

-iatrics, -iatry

ī-ă -trĭks, ī-ă-trē

A

Meaning: Field of Medicine

tip:
iatrics and iatry (field of medicine) relate to -iatrist, -ician, -ist (specialist)

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17
Q

Suffixes that Indicate Medical Specialty

-iatrist, -ician, -ist

ī-ă-trĭst, ĭ-shŭn, ĭst

A

Meaning: Specialist

tip:
iatrics and iatry (field of medicine) relate to -iatrist, -ician, -ist (specialist)

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18
Q

Suffixes that Indicate Medical Specialty

-logist, -ologist

lō-jĭst, ŏl-ō-jĭst

A

Meaning: Specialist in the study of

Tip:
-logy, -ology (study of) relates to -logist, -ologist (specialisty in the study of)

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19
Q

Suffixes that Indicate Medical Specialty

-logy, -ology

lō-jē, ŏl-ō-jē

A

Meaning: study of

Tip:
-logy, -ology (study of) relates to -logist, -ologist (specialisty in the study of)

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20
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SURGERIES, PROCEDURES, OR TREATMENTS

-centesis

sĕn-tē-sĭs

A

surgical puncture

Tip: Centesis; spiky centipede stabby puncture feet?

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21
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SURGERIES, PROCEDURES, OR TREATMENTS

-cidal, -cide

sī-dăl, sīd

A

destroying, killing

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22
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SURGERIES, PROCEDURES, OR TREATMENTS

-desis

dē-sĭs

A

surgical fixation of bone or joint, binding, tying together

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23
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SURGERIES, PROCEDURES, OR TREATMENTS

-dilation

dī-lă-shŭn

A

widening, stretching, expanding

Tip: pupil dilation

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24
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SURGERIES, PROCEDURES, OR TREATMENTS

-ectomy

ĕk-tō-mē

A

excision, surgical removal

Tip: ectomy, excision

Tip: different from -tomy (meaning cutting into, incision)

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25
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SURGERIES, PROCEDURES, OR TREATMENTS

-graphy

gră-fē

A

process of recording

Tip: photography

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26
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SURGERIES, PROCEDURES, OR TREATMENTS

-metry

mĕ-trē

A

measurement

Tip: metry; measure

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27
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SURGERIES, PROCEDURES, OR TREATMENTS

-pexy

pĕk-sē

A

surgical fixation

TIP

pexy = surgical fixation

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28
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SURGERIES, PROCEDURES, OR TREATMENTS

-plasty

plăs-tē

A

surgical repair

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29
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SURGERIES, PROCEDURES, OR TREATMENTS

-rrhaphy

ră-fē

A

suture, suturing

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30
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SURGERIES, PROCEDURES, OR TREATMENTS

-scopy

skō-pē

A

visual examination

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31
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SURGERIES, PROCEDURES, OR TREATMENTS

-therapy

thĕr-ă-pē

A

treatment

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32
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SURGERIES, PROCEDURES, OR TREATMENTS

-tomy

tō-mē

A

cutting into, incision

Tip: different from -ectomy (meaning excision, surgical removal)

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33
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SURGERIES, PROCEDURES, OR TREATMENTS

-tripsy

trĭp-sē

A

crushing

tip: trip and crush

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34
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SENSORY EXPERIENCE, SENSATION, OR SUBJECTIVE FEELING

-acusia, -acusis, -cusis

ă-koo-zē-ă, ă-koo-sĭs, koo-sĭs

A

hearing

TIP
AAC
Hearing ac
idk
TIP: acusia, acusis, cusis = accusation = hearing accusations ??

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35
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SENSORY EXPERIENCE, SENSATION, OR SUBJECTIVE FEELING

-algesia, -algesic, -algia, -dynia

ăl-jē-zē-ă, ăl-jē-z ĭk, ăl-jē-ă, dĭ-nē-ă

A

pain

Tip: AAAD
Ads are pain
idk asdfs

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36
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SENSORY EXPERIENCE, SENSATION, OR SUBJECTIVE FEELING

-dipsia

dĭp-sē-ă

A

thirst

Tip: dip into water to drink, thirst

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37
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SENSORY EXPERIENCE, SENSATION, OR SUBJECTIVE FEELING

-esthesia

ĕs-thē-zē-ă

A

sensation

TIP: synesthesia
esthesia = sensation

phoria = feeling // f = f
vs
esthesia = sensation // es = s

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38
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SENSORY EXPERIENCE, SENSATION, OR SUBJECTIVE FEELING

-opia, -opsia, -opsis, -opsy

ō-pē-ă, ōp-sē-ă, ŏp-sĭs, ŏp-sē

A

vision, view of

TIP:
O O O O

Four eyes, glasses, eyes

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39
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SENSORY EXPERIENCE, SENSATION, OR SUBJECTIVE FEELING

-osmia

ŏz-mē-ă

A

smell, odor

Tip: Anosmia, lack of smell, nos like nose

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40
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SENSORY EXPERIENCE, SENSATION, OR SUBJECTIVE FEELING

-phobia

fō-bē-ă

A

fear

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41
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE SENSORY EXPERIENCE, SENSATION, OR SUBJECTIVE FEELING

-phoria

fō-rē-ă

A

feeling

Tip: Euphoria

phoria = feeling // f = f
vs
esthesia = sensation // es = s

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42
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE ACTION OR MOVEMENT

-clasis, -clast

klăs-ĭs, klăst

A

to break

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43
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE ACTION OR MOVEMENT

-ectasis

ĕk-tă-sĭs

A

dilation, expansion

TIP
Ectasis - ecstatic - eyes dilate when excited ??

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44
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE ACTION OR MOVEMENT

-emesis

ĕm-ĕ-sĭs

A

vomiting

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45
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE ACTION OR MOVEMENT

-gen, -genesis, -genic, -genous

jĕn, jĕn-ĕ-sĭs, jĕn-ĭk, jēn-ŭs

A

creating, producing

46
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE ACTION OR MOVEMENT

-kinesia, -kinesis

kĭ-nē-zē-ă, kĭ-nē-sĭs

47
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE ACTION OR MOVEMENT

-lysis

lĭ-sĭs

A

destruction

TIP
Hydrolysis = the chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water // destruction of a compound due to water // water destruction

48
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE ACTION OR MOVEMENT

-pause, -stasis

pawz, stă-sĭs

A

cessation, stopping

49
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE ACTION OR MOVEMENT

-phage, -phagia

fāj, fā-jē-ă

A

eating, swallowing

TIP:
phage, phagia, gut, eating, swallowing

50
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE ACTION OR MOVEMENT

-phasia

fā-zē-ă

A

speech

TIP:
phasia, speak

51
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE ACTION OR MOVEMENT

-rrhage, -rrhagia

rĭj, ră-jē-ă

A

bursting forth

TIP

rrage, rrhagia = rage = bursting forth

hemorrhage
blood bursting forth

52
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE ACTION OR MOVEMENT

-rrhea

rē-ă

A

flow, discharge

TIP
diarrhea - flow, discharge

53
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE ACTION OR MOVEMENT

-rrhexis

rĕk-sĭs

A

rupture

rrhexis = wreck = rupture

54
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE ACTION OR MOVEMENT

-spasm

spă-zŭm

A

sudden involuntary contraction

55
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE ACTION OR MOVEMENT

-uresis

ū-rē-sĭs

A

urination

TIP
-uresis = urination

56
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-cele

sēl

57
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-constriction

kŏn-strĭk-shŭn

58
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-cytosis

sī-tō -sĭs

A

a condition of cells

59
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-derma

dĕr-mă

60
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-edema

ĕ-dē-mă

61
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-emia

ē-mē-ă

A

a condition of the blood

tip:
hypoglycemia

62
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-gravida

gră-vĭ-dă

A

pregnant woman

TIP: snake discovery, gravid snakes, pregernant

63
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-ia, -ism

ē-ă, ĭz-ŭm

64
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-iasis

ī-ă-sĭs

A

pathological condition or state

65
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-itis

ī-tĭs

A

inflammation

TIP: arthr-itis

66
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-lepsy, -leptic

lĕp-sē, lĕp-tĭk

A

seizure

TIP; epelepsy, epeletic

67
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-lith

lĭth

A

stone

TIP: tonsillolith, tonsil stones

68
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-malacia

mă-lā-sē-ă

69
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-megaly

mĕg-ă-lē

A

Enlargement

TIP
Megaly = mega = lorg

70
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-necrosis

nĕ-krō-sĭs

A

tissue death

71
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-oid

oyd

A

resembling

72
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-oma

ō-mă

A

tumor

TIP:
melanoma

73
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-osis

ō-sĭs

A

abnormal condition

74
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-oxia

ŏk-sē-ă

A

oxygen

TIP: oxia = oxygen

75
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-paresis

pă-rē-sĭs

A

slight or partial paralysis

76
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-partum, -tocia

părt-ŭm, tō-sē-ă

A

childbirth, labor

77
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-pathy

pă-thē

78
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-penia

PĒ-nē-ă

A

deficiency

79
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-pepsia

pĕp-sē-ă

A

digestion

TIP: pepsi = pepsia = digestion

80
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-phonia

fō-nē-ă

A

voice

TIP: phone = phonia = voice

81
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-plasia, -plasm

plā-zē-ă, plăz-ŭm

A

Formation, growth

TIP
association
-plasia, -plasm = formation growth
-plastic = pertaining to formation or growth

82
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-plastic

plăs-tĭk

A

pertaining to formation or growth

TIP
association
-plasia, -plasm = formation growth
-plastic = pertaining to formation or growth

83
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-plegia

plē-jē-ă

A

paralysis

TIP: paraplegia

Association:
-plegia = paralysis
-plegic = pertaining to paralysis

84
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-plegic

plē-jĭk

A

pertaining to paralysis

TIP: paraplegic

Association:
-plegia = paralysis
-plegic = pertaining to paralysis

85
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-pnea

nē-ă

A

breathing

TIP
Sleep apnea = pnea = breathing

association
-pnea = breathing
-pneic = pertaining to breathing

86
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-pneic

nē-ĭk

A

pertaining to breathing

association
-pnea = breathing
-pneic = pertaining to breathing

87
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-ptosis

tō-sĭs

A

drooping, prolapse

TIP
PTOSIS= toes = low on body = drooping

P t = prolapse

88
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-salpinx

săl-pĭnks

A

uterine (fallopian) tube

TIP
ummm
Pinx = pinks = stereotypical color for girls = uterine (fallopian) tube (I am struggling

89
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-sclerosis

sklē-rō-sĭs

90
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-static

stă-tĭk

A

not in motion, at rest

91
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-stenosis

stĕ-nō-sĭs

A

narrowing, stricture

92
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-thorax

thōr-ăks

93
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-trophy

trō-fē

A

nourishment, growth

94
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE DISEASES, DISORDERS, OR CONDITIONS

-uria

ū-rē-ă

95
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE INSTRUMENTS

-graph

grăf

A

recording instrument

96
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE INSTRUMENTS

-meter

mĕ-tĕr

A

measuring instrument

97
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE INSTRUMENTS

-scope

skōp

A

viewing instrument

98
Q

SUFFIXES THAT INDICATE INSTRUMENTS

-tome

tōm

A

cutting instrument

99
Q

SUFFIXES THAT MEAN “PERTAINING TO”

A

-ac, -al, -ar, -ary, -eal,

ăk, ăl, ăr, ār-ē, ē-ăl,

-ial, -ic, -ical, -ory, -ous,

ē-ăl, ĭk, ĭ-kăl, ō-rē, ŭs

-tic, -tous

tĭk, tŭs

100
Q

OTHER SUFFIXES

-cyte, -cytic

sīt, sīt-ĭk

101
Q

OTHER SUFFIXES

-gram

grăm

102
Q

OTHER SUFFIXES
-ole, -ule

ōl, ūl

A

small

TIP: molecule ?? smol ??

103
Q

OTHER SUFFIXES
-prandial

pran-dē-ăl

104
Q

OTHER SUFFIXES

-stomy

stō-mē

A

mouthlike opening

TIP
tracheostomy

105
Q

PLURAL ENDINGS

Singular form
-a

Singular Example
Vertebra

A

RULE: retain -a and add -e

Plural Form
-ae

Plural Example
Vertebrae

106
Q

PLURAL ENDINGS

Singular Form
-ax

Singular Example
Thorax

A

RULE: drop the -x and add -ces

Plural Form
-aces

Plural Example
thoraces

107
Q

PLURAL ENDINGS

Singular Form
-is

Singular Example
diagnosis

A

RULE: drop the -is and add -es

Plural Form
-es

Plural Example
diagnoses

108
Q

PLURAL ENDINGS

Singular Form
-ix, -ex

Singular Example
appendix

A

RULE: drop the -ix or -ex and add -ices

Plural Form
-ices

Plural Example
appendices

109
Q

PLURAL ENDINGS

Singular Form
-um

Singular Example
-diverticulum

A

RULE: drop the -um and add -a

Plural Form
-a

Plural Example
diverticula

110
Q

PLURAL ENDINGS

Singular Form
-us

Singular Example
Thrombus

A

RULE: drop the -us and add -i

Plural form
-i

Plural Example
thrombi

111
Q

PLURAL ENDINGS

Singular Form
-y

Singular Example
ovary

A

RULE: drop the -y and add -ies

Plural Form
-ies

Plural Example
ovaries

PT100 Study (51 decks)

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