Chapter 10: Urinary System Common Diagnostic Tests and Procedures

Question 1

f24-hour urine specimen

Answer 1

Total urine excreted over 24 hours, collected for analysis

Question 2

Bladder ultrasound (bladder scan)

Answer 2

Noninvasive use of a portable ultrasound device to measure the amount of retained urine

Question 3

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Answer 3

Lab value used to measure kidney function, based on nitrogen levels in the blood

Question 4

Culture and sensitivity (C&S)

Answer 4

Process of growing microorganisms and then exposing them to antimicrobial drugs to determine which ones kill them most effectively

Question 5

Cystoscopy

Answer 5

Visual examination of the bladder lining with a cystoscope

Question 6

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

Answer 6

Procedure in which shock waves or sound waves crush stones in the kidneys or urinary tract

Question 7

Hemodialysis

Answer 7

Filtration of wastes and fluid from blood while it passes through selectively permeable membranes; also called dialysis

Question 8

Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)

Answer 8

X-ray examination of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder after injection of a contrast medium

Question 9

KUB

Answer 9

Radiological imaging (x-ray) of the abdomen, specifically the kidneys, ureters, and bladder

Question 10

Peritoneal dialysis

Answer 10

Filtration of fluid and wastes from the blood using the lining of the patient’s peritoneal cavity as a dialyzing membrane

Question 11

Serum creatinine

Answer 11

Lab value used to measure kidney function that is more specific than BUN

Question 12

Urinalysis (UA)

Answer 12

Visual and microscopic analysis of a urine specimen

Color: light yellow or straw

Appearance: clear

SG: 1.010-1.030

pH: 5-8

Epithelial cells: 3-4

WBCs: 0-1

RBCs: 0

Bacteria: 0

Protein: Neg
Glucose: Neg
Ketones: Neg
Bilirubin: Neg
Blood: Neg
Nitrites: Neg

Question 13

Urinary catheterization

Answer 13

Insertion of a tube into the bladder via the urethra to drain urine, obtain a urine specimen, or instill medication

Foley is a type of urinary catheter commonly used with hospital inpatients. A small balloon keeps the catheter in place. The urine is collected in a bag, which is usually kept hanging low, on the side of the patient’s bed

Question 14

Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG)

Answer 14

Radiological examination of the bladder and urethra during urination