Ch # 35: Nutrition

Question 1

A molecule that inhibits the oxidation of other molecules

Answer 1

Antioxdant

Question 2

Buildup of fibrous plaques of fatty deposits and cholesterol on the inner walls of an artery that causes narrowing, obstruction and hardening of the artery

Answer 2

Atherosclerosis

Question 3

The branch of medicine that deals w/the treatment and control of obesity and diseases associated w/obesity

Answer 3

Bariatrics

Question 4

A white, waxy, fat-like substance that is essential 4 normal functioning of the body

Answer 4

Cholesterol

Question 5

A protein that contains all the essential amino acids needed by the body

Answer 5

Complete protein

Question 6

A simple carbohydrate consisting of 2 sugar units

Answer 6

Disaccharide

Question 7

2 names 4 food that provides calories but few or no nutrients.

Answer 7

Empty calorie food

Low-nutrient density food

Question 8

An amino acid that is required by the body but cannot b manufactured by the body and must b obtained from food

Answer 8

Essential amino acid

Question 9

A type of protein found in certain grains like weat, rye and barely

Answer 9

Gluten

Question 10

The form in which carbohydrate(s) is stored in the body

Answer 10

Glycogen

Question 11

A protein that lacks 1 or more of the essential amino acids needed by the body

Answer 11

Incomplete protein

Question 12

The amount of heat needed 2 raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree Celsius

It is a measurement of energy that comes from macronutrients which include: carb’s, fat and protein

Answer 12

Kilocalorie

Calorie

Question 13

A disaccharide that consists of 2 sugar units and is found in milk and milk products

Answer 13

Lactose

Question 14

A nutrient required in relatively large amounts by the body. This includes carbs, fat and protein.

Answer 14

Macronutrient

Question 15

A nutrient required in very small amounts by the body.

This includes vitamins and minerals which are not broken down by the body and r used in the form in which they r absorbed.

They do not provide calories 2 yield energy 4 the body but performs other important functions in the body

Answer 15

Micronutrient

Question 16

A naturally occurring inorganic substance that is essential 2 the proper functioning of the body

Answer 16

Mineral

Question 17

An amino acid required by the body that can b synthesized by the body in sufficient quantities 2 meet it’s needs

Answer 17

Nonessential amino acids

Question 18

A chemical substance found in food that is needed by the body 4 survival and well-being

Provides 3 primary functions:

1) provides energy 4 the body
2) build, repair and maintain body tissue
3) assist in the regulation of body processes

6 classes include:

1) carb’s
2) fat
3) protein
4) vitamins
5) minerals
6) water

Answer 18

Nutrient

Question 19

The study of nutrients in foods including how the body uses them and their relationship 2 health

Answer 19

Nutrition

Question 20

The application of the science of nutrition 2 promote optimal health and treat illness

Answer 20

Nutrition therapy

Question 21

A medical condition in which there is an excessive accumulation of body fat 2 the extent 2 which it may have an adverse effect on the health and the well-being of an individual

Answer 21

Obesity

Question 22

The percent of a nutrient provided by a single serving of a food item compared w/how much is required 4 the entire day

Answer 22

% daily value

Question 23

A type of fat that is solid at room temperature and comes primarily from animal sources

Answer 23

Saturated fat

Question 24

The chemical form in which most fat exists in food, as well as in the body

Answer 24

Triglycerides

Question 25

A type of fat that is liquid at room temperature and comes primarily from plants

Answer 25

Unsaturated fat

Question 26

An organic compound that is required in small amounts by the body 4 normal growth and development

Answer 26

Vitamin

Question 27

A type of macronutrients that provide short-term energy fuel and uses fat as a long term fuel

The body prefers 2 use this nutrient as fuel instead of using protein

Primary source of energy 4 the CNS

Food sources:

• pasta
• rice
• bread
• cereal
• potatoes
• fruits
• vegetables

Answer 27

Carbohydrates

Carb’s

Question 28

A type of macronutrient that

• provides energy 4 the body
• transports fat-soluble vitamins in the body
• provides essential fatty acids 4 the body

Food sources:

• fatty meats
• butter
• cheese
• cream
• whole milk
• egg yolk
• vegetable oils
• nuts
• avocados

Answer 28

Fat

Question 29

A type of nutrients that r organic compounds that consist of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Daily caloric intake should b 45%-65% of the total daily caloric intake

Answer 29

Carbohydrates