CH # 31: Phlebotomy Flashcards by Mary Best

The surface of the arm in front of the elbow

Anticubital space

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A substance that inhibits blood clotting

Anticoagulant

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A thin, light-covered layer of WBC’s and platelets that lies between a top layer of plasma and a bottom layer of RBC’s when an anticoagulant has been added 2 a blood specimen

Buffy coat

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A closed glass or plastic tube that contains a premeasured vacuum

Evacuated tube

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A swelling or mass of coagulated blood caused by a break in a blood vessel

Hematoma

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An increase in the concentration of the nonfilterable blood components in the blood vessels, such as RBC’s, enzymes, iron and calcium, as a result of a decrease in the fluid content of the blood

Hemoconcentration

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The breakdown of blood cells

Inverting tubes prevents this from happening

2 prevent guidelines:

store at room temp
let alcohol fully dry b4 veinpuncture
smaller gauge needles can cause the blood cells 2 rupture
handle carefully-no shaking

Hemolysis

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Inflammation of bone and cartilage

Osteochondritis

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Inflammation of the bone or bone marrow as a result of bacterial infection

Ostemyeitis

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A health care professional trained in the collection of blood specimens

Phlebotomist

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Incision of a vein 4 the removal of blood

The collection of blood

Phlebotomy

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The liquid part of the blood consisting of a clear, straw-colored fluid that comprises approximately 55% of the blood volume

Plasma

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Plasma from which the clotting factor fibrinogen has been removed

Serum

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Puncturing of a vein

Venipuncture

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The backflow of blood (from a vacated tube) in2 the patient’s vein

Venous reflux

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The temporary cessation or slowing of the venous blood flow

Venous stasis

Order of the draw: 1st

Used 4 blood cultures and sterile specimens

Contains: anticoagulant sodium polyanethol

Inversions: 8-10

Yellow

Order of the draw: 2nd

Contains: anticoagulant sodium citrate

Used 4 whole blood or plasma but it’s most use is 4 coagulant tests like prothrombin time

Inversions: 3-4

Light Blue

Order of the draw: 3rd

Used 4 clotted blood or serum (serum is needed 4 serologic tests and most blood chemistries)

Contains: nothing

Inversions: none

Red

Order of the draw: 4th

Contains:serum separator gel and clot activator

Inversions: 5

Red and Grey - speckled tube

Order of the draw: 5th

Contains: a gel that separates the cells from the serum when the tube is centrifuged

Inversions: none

Gold

Order of the draw: 6th

Commonly used 4 blood gas determinations and pH asseys

Contains: anticoagulant heparin

Inversions: none

Green

Order of the draw: 7th

Contains: plasma separator gel and lithium heparin

Inversions: 8-10

Light Green and Grey

Order of the draw: 8th

Contains: plasma separator gel and lithium heparin

Inversions: 8-10

Light Green

Order of the draw: 9th Contains: anticoagulant EDTA used 4 whole blood or plasma but it's most frequently used 4 a CBC Inversions: 8-10

Lavendar

Order of the draw: 10th Used 4 the detection of trace elements like lead, zinc, arsenic and copper so it is made of a specially refined glass and stopper Contains: anticoagulant EDTA or no additive at all Inversions: 8-10

Royal Blue

Order of the draw: 11th Used 4 whole blood or plasma but most most common use is 4 blood alcohol and drug tests or a oral blood glucose tolerance test Contains: sodium fluoride preservative and anticoagulant potassium oxalate(anticoagulant) Inversions: 8-10

Grey

The patient should b given instructions several days b4 the specimen is collected and the instructions may include fasting. If the MA is unsure about instructions a reference should b consulted: - outside laboratory; laboratory directory 4 support staff - in house; manufacturer's operating manual or product incerts

Patient preparation

The best vein 2 use in the antecubital space This vein does NOT roll Do not use if: - vein is 2 deep 2 b palpitated - scarred from previous veinpunctures

Median cubital vein

This labeling may indicate a tube that no longer has a vacuum which makes it impossible 2 draw blood in2 the tube

Expiration date

This type of needle's gauge is 21-23 and ranges from 1/2 - 3/4 of an inch Aka: winged infusion method Recommended 2 use on adults w/small veins or children or if the antecubital veins r unusable

Butterfly needle

The specimen must stand in an up right position for 30-45 minutes b4 centrifuging 4 proper clot 4mation of blood cells Centrifuging should last for at lest 10 minutes or the gel barrier 4mation will b incomplete between the serum and the clot

SST wait time and spin time