brainstem

Question 1

parts of brainstem from interior to superior

Answer 1

1. Medulla oblongata
2. Pons
3. Midbrain

Question 2

reticular formation area

Answer 2

spans all three regions of brainstem

Question 3

brainstem connects ____ to ______

Answer 3

spinal cord to rest of brain

Question 4

medulla oblongata regulates

Answer 4

heart rate, blood vessel diameter, respiration, swallowing, vomiting, hiccupping, coughing, sneezing

Question 5

medulla oblongata contains

Answer 5

ascending (sensory) and descending tracts (motor)
cranial nerve nuclei
pyramids
olive

Question 5

pyramids of medulla oblongata

Answer 5

formed by large descending motor tracts involved in conscious control of skeletal muscle

Question 6

olive of medulla oblongata

Answer 6

rounded protruding structure from anterior surface
involved in balance, coordination and modulation of inner ear

Question 7

Pons contains

Answer 7

ascending and descending tracts
pontine nuclei

Question 8

pontine nuclei of pons responsible for

Answer 8

relaying information from cerebrum to cerebellum
sleep center (rapid eye movement)
respiratory center (works medulla oblongata)

Question 9

cranial nerves of pons

Answer 9

posterior portion
V-VII

Question 10

midbrain cranial nerves

Answer 10

III-V

Question 11

corpa quadregmina of midbrain

Answer 11

4 mounds of nuclei on dorsal surface on tectum (roof)
each mound is colliulus

Question 12

superior colliculi of midbrain

Answer 12

involved in visual reflexes–ie hearing a loud noise and turning head
receive info from: inferior colliculi, cerebrum, eye and skin

Question 13

interior colliculi of midbrain

Answer 13

involved in hearing
sends auditory input to superior colliculi

Question 14

tegetum of midbrain

Answer 14

floor
contains ascending tracts

Question 15

red nuclei

Answer 15

ascending tract
unconscious regulation of motor activies

Question 16

substanstia nigra

Answer 16

connected to basal nuclei of cerebrum
pigmented with melanin
maintaining muscle tone and coordinated movements

Question 17

cerebral pundicles

Answer 17

descending tract– motor info from cerebrum to spinal cord and brain stem

Question 18

reticular formation

Answer 18

nuclei scattered throughout brainstem
plays role in arousal, awareness, posture, pain and sleepwake cycle
modulates activity of cranial nuclei–swallowing, breathing, HR
“rhythmic”