Anatomy of the eye

Question 1

eye is a ____

Answer 1

hallow fluid filled sphere

Question 2

three tunics of eye

Answer 2

1.fibrous
2. vascular
3. nervous

Question 3

fibrous parts

Answer 3

sclera and cornea

Question 4

scleara

Answer 4

white outer layer; continuous with cornea

Question 5

functions of sclera (3)

Answer 5

1. maintains shape
2. protects internal structures
3. provides muscle attachment points

Question 6

cornea

Answer 6

transparent window continuous with anterior sclera
connective tissue matrix containing collagen, elastic fibers and proteoglycans

Question 7

characteristics of cornea

Answer 7

low water content
avascular
transparent
layer of stratified squamous epithelium on surface

Question 8

functions of cornea

Answer 8

allows light to enter eyes
part of eye focusing system
bends and refracts light

Question 9

vascular tunic parts

Answer 9

iris, ciliary body and choroid

Question 10

vascular tunic characteristics

Answer 10

middle layer
contains most of blood vessels of the eye–branches off the internal carotid arteries
contains melanin

Question 11

iris

Answer 11

colored part of eye
controls light entering the pupil

Question 12

sphincter pupilae of iris is

Answer 12

paraysmpathetic

Question 13

dilator pupilae of iris is

Answer 13

sympathetic

Question 14

ciliary body

Answer 14

produces aqueous humor that fill anterior chamber

Question 15

ciliary muscle

Answer 15

controls lens shape
smooth muscle

Question 16

choroid

Answer 16

associated with the sclera, very thin and pigmented

Question 17

nervous layer

Answer 17

Retina

Question 18

Retina layers

Answer 18

pigmented and sensory

Question 19

pigmented retina

Answer 19

outer layer; pigmented
along with choroid help separate sensory cells and reduce light scattering
increases visual acuity

Question 20

sensory retina

Answer 20

inner layer of rods and cones

Question 21

macula

Answer 21

small yellow spot near posterior retina
contains only cones
portion of retina with greatest visual acuity

Question 22

fovea centralis

Answer 22

pit in center of retina where light is most focused when eye is looking directly at an object

Question 23

optic disc

Answer 23

white spot medial to macula
arteries enter and veins exit here; nerves exit here to become optic nerve
BLIND SPOT
no photoreceptors

Question 24

anterior compartment

Answer 24

anterior to lens; filled with aqueous humor

Question 25

anterior chamber

Answer 25

between cornea and iris

Question 26

posterior chamber

Answer 26

between iris and lens

Question 27

aqueous humor function

Answer 27

helps maintain pressure
supplies nutrients
contributes to refraction of light

Question 28

glaucomoa

Answer 28

abnormal increase in intraocular pressure

Question 29

virtuous chamber

Answer 29

posterior to lens
filled with virtous humor

Question 30

virtuous humor

Answer 30

jelly like
helps maintain pressure
holds lens and retina in place
refracts light

Question 31

lens

Answer 31

transparent and biconvex
has loose nuclei and other organelles
transmits and focuses light on the retina