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Pharmacology > Autonomic Pharmacology > Flashcards

Autonomic Pharmacology Flashcards

0
Q 
AcH 
Synthesis
Storage
Release
Termination
A

Choline acetyltransferase hemicholinium
VAT vesamicol
SNARE botulinum
Acherase indirect-acting cholinomimetics

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1
Q

Spinal roots
SANS
PANS

A

T1-T12 and L1-L5

CN X IX VII III sacral

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2
Q

Direct Acting Cholinomimetics

A

M3 betanechol pilocarpine

N nicotine

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3
Q

Bladder and bowel atony post surgery or SCI

A

Betanechol

Direct Acting Cholinomimetics

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4
Q

Increase aqueous humor outflow

Increase salivation

A

Pilocarpine

Direct Acting Cholinomimetics

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5
Q

Glaucoma
Sicca
Sjogren

A

Pilocarpine

Direct Acting Cholinomimetics

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6
Q

Sjogren

A

Xerostomia dry mouth
Xerophthalmia dry eyes
RA

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7
Q

Activates Nn and Nm

Smoking cessation

A

Nicotine

Direct Acting Cholinomimetics

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8
Q

CNS STIMULATION

Miosis, BOV sec to cyclospasm, bronchoconstriction, diarrhea, urgency, reflex tachycardia, vasodilation, sweating

A

Muscarinic toxicity

Mushroom: inocybe and amanita

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9
Q

GANGLIONIC STIMULATION
Blockade of NM end plate depolarization
Convulsions to paralysis to coma

A

Nicotinic toxicity

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10
Q

Indirect acting cholinomimetics

A

Short edrophonium
Intermediate carbamates: neostigmine and rivastigmine
Long organophosphates

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11
Q

Tensilon test

Myasthenic vs cholinergic crisis

A

Edrophonium

Indirect acting cholinomemimetics

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12
Q

Myasthenia gravis treatment
Nicotinic toxicity
Ogilvie syndrome

A

Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine
Physostigmine - glaucoma

Carbamates
Indirect acting cholinomemimetics

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13
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

Rivastigmine
Galantamine
Donezepil
Tacrine

Carbamates
Indirect Acting Cholinomimetics

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14
Q 
Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis
Bronchospasm
Bradycardia
Excitation
Lacrimation
Sweating
Salivation
A

Organophosphate poisoning

Long acting indirect cholinomimetic

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15
Q

Antidote for OP and nerve gas poisoning

A

First choice: Atropine
Blocks Nm receptors. Competitive antagonist.

Pralidoxime
Cholinesterase regenerator. Chemical antagonist.
6-8 hrs

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16
Q

Cholinoreceptor Blockers

A 
Anticholinergic
AntiNm
- nonselective atropine benztropine scopolamine
- selective ipatropium 
AntiNn
- ganglion blockers hexamethonium
- Nm blockers: non/depolarizing

Cholinesterase regenerator
Oxime pralidoxime

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17
Q

Restores neurotransmitter balance in basal ganglia

Reduces TREMORS more than bradykinesia or rigidity

A

Benztropine

Nonselective antimuscarinic cholinoreceptor blocker

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18
Q

Antagonizes histamine and serotonin

MOTION SICKNESS

A

Scopolamine

Nonselective antimuscarinic cholinoreceptor blocker

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19
Q

Blocks M1 and prevents vagal stimulated bronchoconstriction

BA, COPD + HF

A

Ipatropium

Selective antimuscarinic cholinoreceptor blocker

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20
Q 
Hyperthermia
Dec secretions
Flush
BOV
CNS toxicity
A

Atropine toxicity

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21
Q

Contraindications to Muscarinic toxicity

A

Infants
Angle closure glaucoma
BPH

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22
Q

Hypertensive emergencies

Obsolete antihypertensives

A

Hexamethonium
Ganglion blocker
Antinicotinic cholinoreceptor blocker

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23
Q

Complete skeletal muscle relaxation in surgery

A

Neuromuscular blockers

24
Q

NM blockers
Non depolarizing
Depolarizing

A

Tubocurarine
Pancuronium
Atracurium
Vecuronium

Succinylcholine

25
Q 
NE
Synthesis
Storage
Release
Termination
A

Tyrosine hydroxylase metyrosine

Vesicles dec reserpine inc MAOIs

SNARE dec guanethidine inc amohetamines and tyramine

Dec reuptake cocaine and TCAs
Dec metabolism MAOIs and COMT inhibitors

26
Q

Sympathomimetics

A 
Direct
Nonselective: nor/epi dopa
Alpha
- a1: phenylephrine
- a2: apra/clonidine, methyldopa
Beta
- nonselective: isoproterenol
- b1: dolbutamine
- b2: salbutamol

Indirect

27
Q

A1

A

Contracts vascular smooth muscle
Mydriasis
Erects hair
Glycogenolysis in liver

28
Q

B1

A

Stimulates heart rate and force

Stimulates renin release

29
Q

B2

A

Bronchodilation
Glycogenolysis
Stimulates insulin release
Tremor

30
Q

Activates A1 B1 B2
Cardiac arrest IV
Anaphylaxis IM

A

Epinephrine

Nonselective direct acting sympathomimetic

31
Q

Activates A1 B1 B2
Neurogenic shock
Cardiogenic shock (last resort)

A

Norepinephrine

Nonselective direct acting sympathomimetic

32
Q

Activates A1 B1 D1
Shock
Heart failure

A

Dopamine

Nonselective direct acting sympathomimetic

33
Q

Dopa
1-5
5-15
>15

A

D1 Vasodilation in splanchnic and renal vascular beds
B1 increased
A vasoconstriction and inc BP

34
Q

Asthma
Beta nonselective
Competitive with propanolol

A

Isoproterenol

Beta Nonselective direct acting sympathomimetic

35
Q

Decongestant
Spinal shock
Drug induced hypotension
Vasoconstriction and inc BP

WOF?

A

Phenylephrine
A1 selective direct acting sympathomimetic

Rebound nasal congestion

36
Q

Hypertension
Cancer pain
Opioid withdrawal
Dec central sympathetic outflow

WOF?

A

Clonidine
A2 selective direct acting sympathomimetic

Rebound hpn
Phentolamine

37
Q

Pre eclampsia
Dec central sympathetic outflow

WOF?

A

Methyldopa
A2 selective direct acting sympathomimetic

Sedation
HA + coombs

38
Q

Glaucoma
Dec aqueous humor secretion

WOF

A

Apraclonidine
A2

BOV and conjunctivitis
Dry mouth

39
Q

Inc HR and contractility
Acute HF
Cardiogenic shock
Cardiac stress testing

WOF?

A

Dobutamine
B1

Tachyphylaxis

40
Q

Bronchodilation
DOC for acute asthma attacks
Precipitates arrhythmia in patients with COPD and Heart disease

A

Salbutamol

41
Q

Activates B2
Tocolysis for PT labor
Precipitates arrhythmia in patients with COPD and Heart disease

A

Terbutaline

Ritodrine

42
Q

Adrenoreceptor blockers

A

Alpha
Nonselective (a1>a2)
A1

Beta
Nonselective
B1

43
Q

Pheochromocytoma

Irreversible

A

Phenoxybenzamine

44
Q

Pheochromocytoma
Rebound hypertension
Reversible

A

Phentolamine

45
Q

A blockers

WOF

A

Orthostatic hypotension
Reflex tachycardia
GI irritation

46
Q

BPH

Hypertension

A 
Prazosin
Doxazosin
Terazosin
Silodosin
Tamsulosin most selective

A1 selective

47
Q

Benefit of A1 selective

A

Less reflex tachycardia

48
Q 
Inverse agonist
Angina prophylaxis
Arrythmias
Hypertension
Hyperthyroidism
Performance anxiety
Migraine
A

Propanolol

Nonselective B

49
Q

Masks symptoms of hypoglycemia in diabetics

A

B blockers

50
Q

A and B blockade

A

Carvedilol

Labetalol

51
Q

Intrinsic sympathomimetic activity

A

Partial agonist
Less likely to cause bronchospasm
Acebutolol
Pindolol

52
Q

No local anesthetic Activity

Glaucoma

A

Timolol

Betaxolol

53
Q

Angina
Heart failure
Hypertension

A

Atenolol

Metoprolol

54
Q

SVT
Shortest half life
Mask symptoms of hypoglycemia in diabetics

A

Esmolol

55
Q

Inc outflow through canal of schlemm

A

Latanoprost

56
Q

Inc outflow via uveoscleral veins

A

Epi

57
Q

Opening of trabecular meshwork

A

Pilocarpine

Physostigmine

58
Q

Dec secretion of aqueous humor

A 
Timolol
Mannitol
Apraclonidine
Acetazolamide
Dorzolamide

Pharmacology (33 decks)

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