Ability and possibility Flashcards
what does -(y)Abil express ın the affırmatıve
ability and possibility
-(y)Abil is used to form polite requests as well. Using -(y)Abil together with the aorist
makes the question more polite.
Can you drink tea without sugar? inf
Sen çayı şekersiz içebilir misin?
What time can you be home? form
Saat kaçta evde olabilirsiniz?
Mrs Hale will be able to attend tomorrow’s meetings.
Yarınki toplantılara Hale Hanım da katılabilecek.
Can I sit here?
Burada oturabilir miyim?
Could you turn the radio down a bit?
Could you turn the radio down a bit?
form
Radyonun sesini biraz kısabilir misiniz?
Radyonun sesini biraz kısar mısınız?
-(y)Abil ın the negatıve
The -(y)Abil that expresses ability and permission precedes the
negative suffix. -(y)A-mA,
In the case of the ‘possibility’ meaning, the -(y)Abil suffix precedes the negative suffix.
I can cook good food.
güzel yemek yap-abil-iyor-um.
you can cook good food. inf
güzel yemek yap-abil-iyor-sun.
she can cook good food.
güzel yemek yap-abil-iyor.
we can cook good food
güzel yemek yap-abil-iyor-uz
you can cook good food. form
güzel yemek yap-abil-iyor-sunuz.
they can cook good food.
güzel yemek yap-abil-iyor-lar.
I don’t cook good food..
güzel yemek yap-a-mı-yor-um.
you don’t cook good food. inf
güzel yemek yap-a-mı-yor-sun.
he doesnt cook good food.
güzel yemek yap-a-mı-yor.
we dont cook good food.
güzel yemek yap-a-mı-yor-uz.
you dont cook good food. form
güzel yemek yap-a-mı-yor-sunuz.
they don’t cook good food.
güzel yemek yap-a-mı-yor-lar.
‘I may/can come to the party’
Partiye gel-ebil-ir-im
You may come to the party inf
Partiye gel-ebil-ir-sin
he may come to the party
Partiye gel-ebil-ir
we may come to the party
Partiye gel-ebil-ir-iz
you form may come to the party
Partiye gel-ebil-ir-siniz
they may come to the party
Partiye gel-ebil-ir-ler
I cant come to the party
Partiye gel-e-me-m
you inf cannot come to the partz
Partiye gel-e-me-z-sin
he cannot come to the party
Partiye gel-e-me-z
we cannot come to the party
Partiye gel-e-me-yiz
you form cannot come to the party
Partiye gel-e-me-z-siniz
they cannot come to the party
Partiye gel-e-me-z-ler
I may not come to the party
Partiye gel-me-yebil-ir-im
you inf may not come to the party
Partiye gel-me-yebil-ir-sin
he may not come to the party
Partiye gel-me-yebil-ir
we may not come to the party
Partiye gel-me-yebil-ir-iz
you form may not come to the party
Partiye gel-me-yebil-ir-siniz
they may not come to the party
Partiye gel-me-yebil-ir-ler
How do you express a sentence where both ability and possibility need to be expressed ‘I may be able to go’
in the
case of the affirmative sentence, only one -(y)Abil is used and the sentence is disambiguated
within the context.
In the case of the negative sentences, two -(y)Abil suffixes are attached
to the word, one before the negative -mA and one after it. The tense marker comes after
the -(y)Abil suffixes.
I may/can come to the party’
Partiye gel-ebil-ir-im
you inf may/can come to the party’
Partiye gel-ebil-ir-sin
he may/can come to the party’
Partiye gel-ebil-ir
we may/can come to the party’
Partiye gel-ebil-ir-iz
you form may/can come to the party’
Partiye gel-ebil-ir-siniz
they may/can come to the party’
Partiye gel-ebil-ir-ler
I may not be able to come to the party
Partiye gel-e-me-yebil-ir-im
you inf may not be able to come to the party
Partiye gel-e-me-yebil-ir-sin
he may not be able to come to the party
Partiye gel-e-me-yebil-ir
we may not be able to come to the party
Partiye gel-e-me-yebil-ir-iz
you form may not be able to come to the party
Partiye gel-e-me-yebil-ir-siniz
they may not be able to come to the party
Partiye gel-e-me-yebil-ir-ler
Birds can fly but cannot swim
Kuşlar uçabilir ama yüzemez
Cats can climb trees but cannot dance
Kediler ağaca tırmanabilir ama dans edemez
Babies can drink milk but not coffee
Bebekler süt içebilir ama kahve içemez
Under 18s can travel by bus but cannot drive.
18 yaşından küçükler otobüsle seyahat edebilir ama araba kullanamaz.
Tourists in Uludag can ski, but not swim
Uludağ’daki turistler kayak yapabilir, ama denize giremez
(You) can swim in this lake, but you cannot catch fish. form
(Siz) bu gölde yüzebilirsiniz, ama balık yakalayamazsınız.
(We) can have a picnic in this forest, but we cannot light a fire.
(Biz) bu ormanda piknik yapabiliriz, ama ateş yakamayız.
(You) can get off the train at this station, but you cannot transfer inf
(Sen) bu istasyonda trenden inebilirsin ama transfer yapamazsın
(You) can look at your lecture notes in the exam, but you cannot talk to each other form
(Siz) sınavda ders notlarınıza bakabilirsiniz ama birbirinizle konuşamazsınız
(I) can read Chinese, but I can’t write.
(Ben) Çince okuyabilirim, ama yazamam.
Octopus can swim
Ahtapot yüzebilir
The horse can carry a load
At yük taşıyabilir
Fish can’t climb a tree
Balık ağaca tırmanamaz
Camel can’t eat meat
Deve et yiyemez
The elephant can’t run very fast
Fil çok hızlı koşamaz
A cow can’t live at home,
İnek evde yaşayamaz,
Kangaroo can jump
Kanguru zıplayabilir
The dog can eat bones
Köpek kemik yiyebilir
The bird can sing
Kuş şarkı söyleyebilir
A chicken can lay eggs,
Tavuk yumurtlayabilir,
The snake cannot fly
Yılan uçamaz
Excuse me, can you (you) open the door? form
Affedersiniz, (siz) kapıyı açabilir misiniz?
Can you change this money? form
Şu parayı bozabilir misiniz?
Can you speak a little louder? form
Biraz daha yüksek sesle konuşabilir misiniz?