Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GI and Nutrition > 4.2.1 Pathophysiology of Diarrhea > Flashcards

4.2.1 Pathophysiology of Diarrhea Flashcards

1
Q

Patient has linear ulceration. What is the diagnosis?

A

Chron’s Dz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Answer

A

B) carcinoid (neuroendocrine tumor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe how solute absorption/secretion is related to water absorption/secretion

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are some of the more important/common causes of acute diarrhea?

A

Drugs, Bacterial infection, Viral infection, Protozoa infection, Parasite infection, Traveler’s diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some of the pathophysiologies that cause diarrhea due to dismotility?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is considered acute diarrhea? Chronic?

A

Acute: <2 wks

Chronic: >4 wks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some of the charcteristics features of bacterial entertoxins that cause diarrhea?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does nutrient and electrolyte assimulation differ in regions of the adult intestine?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some labratory exams that could be useful in understanding the cause of a patient’s diarrhea?

A

CBC, electrolytes, BUN, Cr, total protein, albumin, globulin

Stool: weight, fat, culture, ova/parasite

Na, K, Mg, pH, occult blood, fecal WBC

laxative screen, C. diff PCR

Stool osmolality

Endoscopy

Abdominal imaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is considered fatty diarrhea?

A

> 14 g/day of fat is considered steatorrhea (normal is < 6 g/day)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe how permeability changes as you pass through the bowels

A

Decreases as you go through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the most common type of drug that causes acute diarrhea?

A

Antibiotics (duh, you’re changing the gut microflora)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the three characteristics of diarrhea?

A

>3 BM/day

Weight >200g/day

Increased liquidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is this condition?

A

Traveler’s diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Give some examples of pumps/channels/carriers present in intestinal cells

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Give some examples of ion transporters found in intestinal cells

A
17
Q

What are some of the factors that regulate/module intestinal solute and water transport?

A
18
Q

What are some characteristic features of the three types of chronic diarrhea?

A

Watery: No fecal WBC/RBC (Osmotic - stops with fasting/high osmotic gap; secretory - variable clinical picture)

Exudative: bloody, pus, other inflammatory reactions

Fatty: severe, weight and nutrient loss

19
Q

What are some of the possible causes of steatorrhea?

A
20
Q

What are some of the locations/issues that can cause chronic diarrhea?

A
21
Q

What are some of the different classifications of bacterial diarrheas and toxins that cause them?

A
22
Q

What are some important points to elucidate while taking a clinical history of a patient with dirrhea?

A
  1. Duration
  2. Severity
  3. Stool characteristics
  4. Relationship to eating/fasting
  5. Surgery
  6. Medications
  7. Diet
  8. History of radiation
  9. Travel
23
Q

What are some of the pathophysiologies associated with secretory diarrhea?

A
24
Q

What vitamins are not absorbed properly in steatorrhea?

A

Fat soluble (Vits ADEK)

25
Q

What is the diagnostic approach to chronic diarrhea?

A
26
Q

Compare and constrast diarrheas as a result of small bowel colonic issues versus recto-sigmoid issues

A
27
Q

What pathophysiologies are asssociated with exudative diarrhea?

A
28
Q

What are the arrows pointing at? What organism can cause this?

A

Pseudomembranous colitis; C. Diff

29
Q

What are the three types of chronic diarrhea?

A

Watery (osmotic/secretory), Exudative (infection/inflammation), Fatty (Malabsorption/maldigestion)

30
Q

What staining method is shown here? What type of diarrhea is this used for?

A

Sudan; Fatty diarrhea

31
Q

How do you calculate stool osmotic gap?

A
32
Q
A

D) IBS

33
Q

What are some of the pathophysiologies associated with osmotic diarrhea?

A
34
Q
A

D) Celiac spruce

35
Q

What are the characteristics of stool in steatorrhea?

A

Greasy, oily, floats, malodorous

36
Q

What 6 points should be covered in your clinical examination?

A
  1. Assess severity
  2. Skin
  3. Thyroid exam
  4. R side heart murmur
  5. Arthritis
  6. Lymphadenopathy
37
Q

What is associated with exudative diarrhea?

A

Pain, tenesmus (cramping rectal pain), urgency

GI and Nutrition (57 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions