1.3.3 GI Tract Organs III

Question 1

What are the major fissures on the inferior surface of the liver?

Answer 1

Right sagittal fissure - from fossa of gallbladder to groove of IVC

Left sagittal fissure - From ligamentum teres to lagamentum venosum

Question 2

Is the spleen palpable?

Answer 2

The spleen is normally not palpable

Question 3

What are the key proximity characteristics of the uncinate of the pancreas?

Answer 3

Posterior to SMA and SMV

anterior to Renal artery and vein

above duodenum part 3

Question 4

How does the function of the spleen change from fetus to adulthood?

Answer 4

Fetus - makes RBCs

Adult - eliminates RBCs

Question 5

Describe the blockage of the hepatopancreatic ampulla and pancreatitis

Answer 5

Question 6

The transverse mesocolon root runs along where?

Answer 6

The pancreas

Question 7

What are the covered parts of this image?

Answer 7

Question 8

What is splenomegaly and what tends to cause these?

Answer 8

Abnormally enlarged and palpable under left costal arch

Common causes - portal hypertension, infiltration by leukemias or lymphomas, mononucleosis causes by EBV

Question 9

What are the three sphincters of the pancreatic duct?

Answer 9

Sphincter of common bile duct, pancreatic duct, hepatopancreatic duct (sphincter of Oddi)

Question 10

Visceral peritoneum continues with partietal peritoneum and forms what?

Answer 10

Coronary ligament

Right and left triangle ligament

Falciform ligament

Question 11

What quadrant is the gallbladder in?

Answer 11

RUQ

Question 12

What is Kehr’s sign?

Answer 12

Leakage of blood from the spleen to contact the undersurface of the diaphragm leading to sharp pain in the left shoulder (pain is worse when patient lies down and legs are elevated)

Question 13

What are the key proximity characteristics of the neck of the pancreas?

Answer 13

anterior to SMA, SMV and portal vein

Question 14

What is hepatomegaly?

Answer 14

Enlargement of the liver

Question 15

What is the most frequently injured place in the abdomen?

Answer 15

Rupture of the spleen (Caused by sudden deceleration)

Question 16

What are the key characteristics of gall stones?

Answer 16

Question 17

What is the functional right?

Answer 17

Anatomical right lobe

Question 18

Name the covered areas

Answer 18

Question 19

What ribs is the liver associated with anteriorly?

Answer 19

5th rib to costal arch

Question 20

What is the hepatorenal recess (pouch of morison)?

Answer 20

Left arrow on bottom

Question 21

What is the porta hepatitis?

Answer 21

A transverse fissure on visceral surface where the following structures enter and leave the liver

Portal vein

Hepatic artery

Bile ducts

Question 22

How would you know if the liver was enlarged?

Answer 22

Palpation of the liver below the right costal margin

Question 23

What is the subphrenic recess?

Answer 23

Between the diaphragm and diaphragmatic surface of the liver

Question 24

What is the purpose of the cystic duct?

Answer 24

Mucosa has spiral folds which keep it open and prevents sudden increase of bile flow

Question 25

What is hepatic cirrhosis?

Answer 25

Liver parenchyma is replaced by fat and fibrous tissue Caused by alcoholism, drug or chemical toxification, hepatitis, etc Results in portal hypertension

Question 26

What are the 4 parts of the pancreas?

Answer 26

Head, neck, body and tail

Question 27

What artery and vein supplies that spleen?

Answer 27

Artery - splenic artery Vein - Drains to hepatic portal vein

Question 28

When doing a spleen needle biopsy what is important to keep in mind?

Answer 28

The costodiaphragmatic recess. This goes to the 10th rib along mid-axillary line. If spleen need biopsy is done sloppy then could cause pneumothorax

Question 29

What are the covered parts

Answer 29

Question 30

What can be the result of massive splenic rupture?

Answer 30

Hypovolemic shock

Question 31

What can be some causes of hepatomegaly?

Answer 31

Accumulation of blood from congestive heart failure Inflammation - hepatitis Tumor

Question 32

What ribs is the liver associated with posteriorly?

Answer 32

9th to 12th

Question 33

Pancreatic cancer tends to be associate with what type of pain?

Answer 33

Epigastric pain or migrates to severe back pain

Question 34

Mentally picture where the pancreas lies within the abdomen (What plane does it lie at)

Answer 34

Thank Tanner for modeling for this picture!

Question 35

Pancreatic cancer tends to metastasize to where?

Answer 35

The liver

Question 36

Explain the process of a liver biopsy?

Answer 36

Question 37

What are the key proximity characteristics of the head of the pancreas?

Answer 37

Attached to duodenum part 2 anterior to common bile duct, gastroduodenal artery and IVC

Question 38

What is the key role of the liver?

Answer 38

TO accept absorbed nutrients from the GI tract via portal vein

Question 39

What separates the right and left anatomical lobes?

Answer 39

Falciform ligament

Question 40

What are the anatomical relationships of the liver

Answer 40

Question 41

Where are the key locations of referred pain in the pancreas? (Small tumor vs large tumor)

Answer 41

Question 42

What divides the quadrate and caudate lobes?

Answer 42

Porta hepatis

Question 43

What are the key proximity characteristics of the tail of the pancreas?

Answer 43

Touches the spleen anterior to left kidney inside splenorenal ligament

Question 44

What are the key proximity characteristics of the body of the pancreas?

Answer 44

Anterior to splenic A and V and left kidney Behind olmental bursa

Question 45

What is the bare area of the liver?

Answer 45

The area that is not covered by peritoneum

Question 46

What is the major surface of the spleen?

Answer 46

Diaphragmatic surface - largest Also contacts the gastric, colic and renal

Question 47

The pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct to form what?

Answer 47

Hepatopancreatic ampulla (ampulla of Vater)

Question 48

What is the arterial blood supply to the pancreas?

Answer 48

Splenic Gastroduodenal SMA

Question 49

What makes up the functional **left** liver?

Answer 49

Anatomic left, quadrate and caudate

Question 50

What is the venous drainage of the pancreas?

Answer 50

Splenic and SMV

Question 51

What is the order of the digestive tract that food when go through?

Answer 51

Mouth - pharynx - esphagus - stomach - duodenum - jejunum - ileum - cecum - ascending - transverse - descending - sigmoid - rectum - anal canal

Question 52

What quadrant is the liver typically located in?

Answer 52

RUQ