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GI and Nutrition > 1.3.3 GI Tract Organs III > Flashcards

1.3.3 GI Tract Organs III Flashcards

1
Q

What are the major fissures on the inferior surface of the liver?

A

Right sagittal fissure - from fossa of gallbladder to groove of IVC

Left sagittal fissure - From ligamentum teres to lagamentum venosum

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2
Q

Is the spleen palpable?

A

The spleen is normally not palpable

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3
Q

What are the key proximity characteristics of the uncinate of the pancreas?

A

Posterior to SMA and SMV

anterior to Renal artery and vein

above duodenum part 3

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4
Q

How does the function of the spleen change from fetus to adulthood?

A

Fetus - makes RBCs

Adult - eliminates RBCs

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5
Q

Describe the blockage of the hepatopancreatic ampulla and pancreatitis

A
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6
Q

The transverse mesocolon root runs along where?

A

The pancreas

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7
Q

What are the covered parts of this image?

A
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8
Q

What is splenomegaly and what tends to cause these?

A

Abnormally enlarged and palpable under left costal arch

Common causes - portal hypertension, infiltration by leukemias or lymphomas, mononucleosis causes by EBV

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9
Q

What are the three sphincters of the pancreatic duct?

A

Sphincter of common bile duct, pancreatic duct, hepatopancreatic duct (sphincter of Oddi)

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10
Q

Visceral peritoneum continues with partietal peritoneum and forms what?

A

Coronary ligament

Right and left triangle ligament

Falciform ligament

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11
Q

What quadrant is the gallbladder in?

A

RUQ

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12
Q

What is Kehr’s sign?

A

Leakage of blood from the spleen to contact the undersurface of the diaphragm leading to sharp pain in the left shoulder (pain is worse when patient lies down and legs are elevated)

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13
Q

What are the key proximity characteristics of the neck of the pancreas?

A

anterior to SMA, SMV and portal vein

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14
Q

What is hepatomegaly?

A

Enlargement of the liver

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15
Q

What is the most frequently injured place in the abdomen?

A

Rupture of the spleen (Caused by sudden deceleration)

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16
Q

What are the key characteristics of gall stones?

A
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17
Q

What is the functional right?

A

Anatomical right lobe

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18
Q

Name the covered areas

A
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19
Q

What ribs is the liver associated with anteriorly?

A

5th rib to costal arch

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20
Q

What is the hepatorenal recess (pouch of morison)?

A

Left arrow on bottom

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21
Q

What is the porta hepatitis?

A

A transverse fissure on visceral surface where the following structures enter and leave the liver

Portal vein

Hepatic artery

Bile ducts

22
Q

How would you know if the liver was enlarged?

A

Palpation of the liver below the right costal margin

23
Q

What is the subphrenic recess?

A

Between the diaphragm and diaphragmatic surface of the liver

24
Q

What is the purpose of the cystic duct?

A

Mucosa has spiral folds which keep it open and prevents sudden increase of bile flow

25
Q

What is hepatic cirrhosis?

A

Liver parenchyma is replaced by fat and fibrous tissue

Caused by alcoholism, drug or chemical toxification, hepatitis, etc

Results in portal hypertension

26
Q

What are the 4 parts of the pancreas?

A

Head, neck, body and tail

27
Q

What artery and vein supplies that spleen?

A

Artery - splenic artery

Vein - Drains to hepatic portal vein

28
Q

When doing a spleen needle biopsy what is important to keep in mind?

A

The costodiaphragmatic recess. This goes to the 10th rib along mid-axillary line. If spleen need biopsy is done sloppy then could cause pneumothorax

29
Q

What are the covered parts

A
30
Q

What can be the result of massive splenic rupture?

A

Hypovolemic shock

31
Q

What can be some causes of hepatomegaly?

A

Accumulation of blood from congestive heart failure

Inflammation - hepatitis

Tumor

32
Q

What ribs is the liver associated with posteriorly?

A

9th to 12th

33
Q

Pancreatic cancer tends to be associate with what type of pain?

A

Epigastric pain or migrates to severe back pain

34
Q

Mentally picture where the pancreas lies within the abdomen (What plane does it lie at)

A

Thank Tanner for modeling for this picture!

35
Q

Pancreatic cancer tends to metastasize to where?

A

The liver

36
Q

Explain the process of a liver biopsy?

A
37
Q

What are the key proximity characteristics of the head of the pancreas?

A

Attached to duodenum part 2

anterior to common bile duct, gastroduodenal artery and IVC

38
Q

What is the key role of the liver?

A

TO accept absorbed nutrients from the GI tract via portal vein

39
Q

What separates the right and left anatomical lobes?

A

Falciform ligament

40
Q

What are the anatomical relationships of the liver

A
41
Q

Where are the key locations of referred pain in the pancreas? (Small tumor vs large tumor)

A
42
Q

What divides the quadrate and caudate lobes?

A

Porta hepatis

43
Q

What are the key proximity characteristics of the tail of the pancreas?

A

Touches the spleen

anterior to left kidney

inside splenorenal ligament

44
Q

What are the key proximity characteristics of the body of the pancreas?

A

Anterior to splenic A and V and left kidney

Behind olmental bursa

45
Q

What is the bare area of the liver?

A

The area that is not covered by peritoneum

46
Q

What is the major surface of the spleen?

A

Diaphragmatic surface - largest

Also contacts the gastric, colic and renal

47
Q

The pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct to form what?

A

Hepatopancreatic ampulla (ampulla of Vater)

48
Q

What is the arterial blood supply to the pancreas?

A

Splenic

Gastroduodenal

SMA

49
Q

What makes up the functional left liver?

A

Anatomic left, quadrate and caudate

50
Q

What is the venous drainage of the pancreas?

A

Splenic and SMV

51
Q

What is the order of the digestive tract that food when go through?

A

Mouth - pharynx - esphagus - stomach - duodenum - jejunum - ileum - cecum - ascending - transverse - descending - sigmoid - rectum - anal canal

52
Q

What quadrant is the liver typically located in?

A

RUQ

GI and Nutrition (57 decks)

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