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GI and Nutrition > 1.2.2 GI Tract Organs II > Flashcards

1.2.2 GI Tract Organs II Flashcards

1
Q

How do the circular folds of the jejunum compare to the ileum?

A

J - Large, tall and closely packed

I - Low and sparse; absent in the distal part

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2
Q

What is Ileus?

A

A small bowl motility disorder that mimics obstruction

Paralytic Ileus - most common

No peristalsis

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3
Q

What are the portions of the large intestine?

A
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4
Q

What is the order by which food would pass through the GI tract?

A

Mouth ⇒ pharynx - esophagus - stomach - small intestine (D, J, I) - large intestine - anal canal

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5
Q

What is appendicitis and appendectomy?

A
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6
Q

What is the difference between colectomy, ileostomy, and colostomy?

A
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7
Q

What is a colonoscopy?

A
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8
Q

The jejunum is located primarily in what quadrant?

A

The upper left

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9
Q

What is the dentate (pectinate line)?

A

Comb shaped line that divides superior anal canal and inferior anal canal

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10
Q

Where is the main nerve supply of the J and I?

A

T10 - pain will be perceived at paraumbilical region

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11
Q

What is Ileal meckels diverticulum?

A

Most common congenital anomaly of gue

May contain 2 ectopic tissue - stomach mucosa and pancreatic

Bleeding (especially consider for GI bleeding in children less than 2 yo)

When inflammed pain can mimic appendicitis

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12
Q

How does the vasa recta of the jejunum compare to the ileum?

A

J - Long

I - short

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13
Q

What provides the blood supply to the jejunum and ileum?

A

superior mesenteric artery gives off to the left 15-18 branches of mesenteric arteries

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14
Q

What are omental appendices?

A

Small fatty omentum - like projections

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15
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage above and below the pectinate line?

A

Above - internal iliac lymph nodes

Below - inguinal lymph nodes

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16
Q

The ileum is primarily in what quadrant?

A

Lower right

17
Q

Where is the veriform appendix located?

A

McBurney’s point

18
Q

How do the plicae compare between the jejunum and ileum?

A

J - abundant plicae and deeper folds

I - few plicae and smoother wall

19
Q

What is the gastrocolic ligament?

A

The portion of the greater omentum spanning between the greater curvature of the stomach and the transverse colon

20
Q

What are hemorrhoids?

A
21
Q

What is the veriform appendix?

A

A blind intestinal diverculum off cecum

22
Q

What vein collects from the jejunum and ileum?

A

Superior mesenteric vein collects blood to the hepatic portal vein

23
Q

What is Haustra?

A

Saccular protrusions between transverse folds

24
Q

Cecum is considered what?

A

Intraperitoneal - meaning no mesentery

25
Q

The start of the duodenojejunal junction is also known as?

A

Ligament of Treitz

26
Q

What level does the sigmoid colon become the rectum?

A

S3

27
Q

What parts of the colon are intraperitoneal? Retroperitoneal?

A

Intra - Cecum, Transverse, Sigmoid

Retro - Ascending, Descending and rectum/anal canal

28
Q

Describe the arterial supply and venous drainage differences above and below the pectinate line.

A

Above - IMA (art) and portal vein (venous)

Below - Internal iliac artery and inferior vena cava

29
Q

How does the wall of the jejunum compare to the Ileum?

A

J - Thick and heavy

I - Thin and light

30
Q

What is diverticulosis?

A
31
Q

Describe the nerve innervation and epithelial coverage above and below the pectinate line

A

Above - visceral (nerve) and columnar epithelium

Below - somatic (nerve) and keratinized

32
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Intussusception

33
Q

What is a volvulus?

A

A loop of bowel and mesentary abnormally twisted on itself

34
Q

How do the arcades in the jejunum compare to the ileum?

A

J - A few large loops

I - Many short loops

35
Q

What is the mesentary?

A

Fan-shaped peritoneal fold that attaches jejunum and ileum to the posterior abdominal wall

36
Q

What are anal fissures and perianal abscesses?

A
37
Q

What are Taenia coli?

A

Three longitudinal muscle bands - not present in appendix and rectum

38
Q

What is Intussusception?

A

A part of the intestins has invaginated into another section of intestine. The part that prolapses into the other is usually called the intussusceptum.

GI and Nutrition (57 decks)

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