2.2.2+3 Obesity Weight Loss Issues Flashcards
What is the suggested intensity (how frequent) should the lifestyle interventions be?
At least 1-2 sessions per month (some may require 1/week)
What are some of the medical complications associated with obesity?
Nothing is spared
What are the BMI classifications?
Underweight: under 18.5
Normal: 18.5-24.9
Overweight: 25-29.9
Obese Class I: 30-34.9
Obese Class II: 35-39.9
Obese Class III: greater than 40
Classes are related to what?
Size of treatment effect
What are the different levels of evidence in evidence-based medicine?
What are the three portions of treatment length?
Weight loss (1st 6 months)
Weight loss maintenance (at least one year)
Regular contact with an interventionist (1 or 2 times/month)
How does being physically fit (aerobically) affect CVD risk?
What is represented by grade D?
Recommendation against: There is at least moderate certainty based on evidence that it has no net benefits or that risk/harms outweigh benefits
Is portion control vital in weight management?
DUH! The bigger portion put in front of us, the more people will eat
How did weight change in women/men who did only exercise to help lose weight?
Men: significant weight loss
Women: Did not lose significant weight
What is the best dietary aspect to cut in order to drop caloric intake?
Fat
B/t smart phone app, website, and diary, which showed the most retention?
Smart phone app
How does CV Dz mortality change based on the different weight categories: normal, overweight, obese?
What is her number one recommendation for achieving weight loss?
Meal replacement
How does the risk of T2DM change with an increase in BMI?
Increases
What are some of the barriers to talking about/addressing weight loss with patients?
Sensitive issue, time, training, resources, staff, reimbursement
How much medical costs in the US is associated with obesity?
190 billion dollars (20%)
What type of diet restriction is beneficial in weight loss?
Reduced caloric intake
What is the relationship b/t weight gain in adulthood and the incidence of T2DM?
What are some of the characteristics of the metabolic syndrome that lead to increased risk for CVD and diabetes?
abdominal obesity, glucose intolerance/insulin resistance, HTN, atherogenic dyslipidemia, proinflammatory state
What effect, if any, did meal replacements have on maintaining weight loss?
Meal replacements have been shown to help sustain weight loss b/c it aids in the maintenance of calorie reduction
For rural America, would a phone system be comparable to clinic in weight loss results?
KU did a study in which phone and clinic had exactly the same results for both 6 months and beyond
When would a patient need to lose weight?
BMI > 30
OR
BMI > 25 with additional risk factors
What is the main difference in weight loss b/t low carb and low fat diets?
Low carb diets tend to have higher weight loss over 6 months, but in the long term the weight loss tends to be quite similar
What is the guide for selecting obesity treatment options?
*Never surgery before comprehensive lifestyle changes
What are the two recommended weight loss goals?
Initial goal of 5-10% over 6 months
and
3-5% sustained weight loss
What are some of the preferred terms when discussing weight?
Weight, BMI, weight problem, unhealthy body weight, unhealthy BMI, excess weight
What are some of the less desired terms when discussing weight loss?
Overweight status, Heaviness, obesity, large size, excess fat, fatness
Here are some tiny changes that have big effects
What are the five A’s approach to obesity?
What is one of the biggest flaws with internet-based weight loss programs?
Lack of engagement and connection
(VR reality seemed to increase engagment)
Despite having the same BMI, having a larger waist circumfrence puts the patient at a greater risk for what?
Metabolic syndrome (increasing risk of CVD and all cause mortality)
What are the 4 steps of identifying weight status?
- Height and weight, calculate BMI
- Indentify risk for CVD and other obesity related conditions
- Assess and treat CVD risk factors and obesity-related comorbidities
- Assess weight and lifestyle history
What are the three factors that influence maintenance of weight loss?
Diet, exercise, and behavior modifications
What is the strength of evidence for low glycemic index diets?
Low
