2.2.2+3 Obesity Weight Loss Issues

Question 1

What is the suggested intensity (how frequent) should the lifestyle interventions be?

Answer 1

At least 1-2 sessions per month (some may require 1/week)

Question 2

What are some of the medical complications associated with obesity?

Answer 2

Nothing is spared

Question 3

What are the BMI classifications?

Answer 3

Underweight: under 18.5

Normal: 18.5-24.9

Overweight: 25-29.9

Obese Class I: 30-34.9

Obese Class II: 35-39.9

Obese Class III: greater than 40

Question 4

Classes are related to what?

Answer 4

Size of treatment effect

Question 6

What are the different levels of evidence in evidence-based medicine?

Answer 6

Question 7

What are the three portions of treatment length?

Answer 7

Weight loss (1st 6 months)

Weight loss maintenance (at least one year)

Regular contact with an interventionist (1 or 2 times/month)

Question 8

How does being physically fit (aerobically) affect CVD risk?

Answer 8

Question 9

What is represented by grade D?

Answer 9

Recommendation against: There is at least moderate certainty based on evidence that it has no net benefits or that risk/harms outweigh benefits

Question 10

Is portion control vital in weight management?

Answer 10

DUH! The bigger portion put in front of us, the more people will eat

Question 11

How did weight change in women/men who did only exercise to help lose weight?

Answer 11

Men: significant weight loss

Women: Did not lose significant weight

Question 12

What is the best dietary aspect to cut in order to drop caloric intake?

Answer 12

Fat

Question 13

B/t smart phone app, website, and diary, which showed the most retention?

Answer 13

Smart phone app

Question 14

How does CV Dz mortality change based on the different weight categories: normal, overweight, obese?

Answer 14

Question 15

What is her number one recommendation for achieving weight loss?

Answer 15

Meal replacement

Question 16

How does the risk of T2DM change with an increase in BMI?

Answer 16

Increases

Question 17

What are some of the barriers to talking about/addressing weight loss with patients?

Answer 17

Sensitive issue, time, training, resources, staff, reimbursement

Question 18

How much medical costs in the US is associated with obesity?

Answer 18

190 billion dollars (20%)

Question 19

What type of diet restriction is beneficial in weight loss?

Answer 19

Reduced caloric intake

Question 20

What is the relationship b/t weight gain in adulthood and the incidence of T2DM?

Answer 20

Question 21

What are some of the characteristics of the metabolic syndrome that lead to increased risk for CVD and diabetes?

Answer 21

abdominal obesity, glucose intolerance/insulin resistance, HTN, atherogenic dyslipidemia, proinflammatory state

Question 22

What effect, if any, did meal replacements have on maintaining weight loss?

Answer 22

Meal replacements have been shown to help sustain weight loss b/c it aids in the maintenance of calorie reduction

Question 23

For rural America, would a phone system be comparable to clinic in weight loss results?

Answer 23

KU did a study in which phone and clinic had exactly the same results for both 6 months and beyond

Question 24

When would a patient need to lose weight?

Answer 24

BMI > 30

OR

BMI > 25 with additional risk factors

Question 25

What is the main difference in weight loss b/t low carb and low fat diets?

Answer 25

Low carb diets tend to have higher weight loss over 6 months, but in the long term the weight loss tends to be quite similar

Question 26

What is the guide for selecting obesity treatment options?

Answer 26

\*Never surgery before comprehensive lifestyle changes

Question 27

What are the two recommended weight loss goals?

Answer 27

Initial goal of 5-10% over 6 months and 3-5% sustained weight loss

Question 28

What are some of the preferred terms when discussing weight?

Answer 28

Weight, BMI, weight problem, unhealthy body weight, unhealthy BMI, excess weight

Question 29

What are some of the less desired terms when discussing weight loss?

Answer 29

Overweight status, Heaviness, obesity, large size, excess fat, fatness

Question 30

Here are some tiny changes that have big effects

Answer 30

Question 31

What are the five A's approach to obesity?

Answer 31

Question 32

What is one of the biggest flaws with internet-based weight loss programs?

Answer 32

Lack of engagement and connection (VR reality seemed to increase engagment)

Question 33

Despite having the same BMI, having a larger waist circumfrence puts the patient at a greater risk for what?

Answer 33

Metabolic syndrome (increasing risk of CVD and all cause mortality)

Question 34

What are the 4 steps of identifying weight status?

Answer 34

1. Height and weight, calculate BMI 2. Indentify risk for CVD and other obesity related conditions 3. Assess and treat CVD risk factors and obesity-related comorbidities 4. Assess weight and lifestyle history

Question 35

What are the three factors that influence maintenance of weight loss?

Answer 35

Diet, exercise, and behavior modifications

Question 36

What is the strength of evidence for low glycemic index diets?

Answer 36

Low