4/6 - UW 50 Flashcards
Langerhans cells are different from Langhans cells! What are they?
LangERhans: dendritic cells in the skin and mucous membranes, with racquet shaped Birbeck granules
Langhans: multinucleated giant cell with horseshoe shaped arrangement of multiple nuclei
What cells have racquet shaped intracellular inclusions?
LangERhans cells in the skin and mucous membranes
What are Kupffer cells?
Hepatic macrophages
What are hepatic macrophages called?
Kupffer cells
What are Merkel cells?
Epidermal neuroendocrine cells that mediate TOUCH
What are the neuroendocrine cells in the epidermis that mediate touch?
Merkel cells
What are dendritic cells in the skin and mucous membranes called? What is specific to these cells on histology?
LangERhans (not Langhans) cells with intracellular “racquet shaped” Birbeck granules
How does Central retinal artery occlusion present clinically?
PainLESS, acute, monocular vision loss, with pale retina and a cherry red macula on fundoscopy
How does diabetic retinopathy present clinically?
Blurry vision, poor night vision, floaters, decreased night vision
What is amaurosis fugax?
Painless, TRANSIENT (a few seconds), monocular vision loss caused by small embolus to opthalmic artery
What AA change is in HbS?
Nonpolar Valine replaces negatively charged Glutamate in beta globin
What is the AA change in HbC?
Positively charged Lysine replaces negative Glutamate in beta chain
Which hemoglobinopathy has a Val in place of a Glu?
HbS
Which hemoglobinopathy has a Lys in place of a Glu?
HbC
What nerves enter the orbit through the Superior Orbital Fissure?
CN III
CN IV
CN V1
CN VI
Where does blunt aortic injury usually tear the aorta?
At the aortic isthmus where it is attached to the ligamentum arteriosum
Aside from Aspergillus, what else can produce ring enhancing lesions?
Toxoplasma (obligate intracellular protozoan)
Hypertensive crisis after food (cheese, sausage, wine) = ???
MAOI usage! Isocarboxazid Selegiline Tranylcypromine Phenelzine "MAO IS SELling TRAc PHones"
How do colitis-associated carcinoma differ from sporadic colorectal carcinoma?
- younger onset
- from flat, nonpolypoid dysplasia
- mucinous, signet ring
- early p53, late APC
- proximal colon, multifocal
What is the pathophys of Pick’s disease?
Dementia (social disinhibition, abnormal speech, flat emotions) due to ATROPHY of frontotemporal regions
When do you see anti-histone ab?
Drug induced lupus
What hypercoagulable state can causes recurrent miscarriages?
Antiphospholipid syndrome
What disease should be considered in an elderly patient presenting with:
- fatigue (anemia)
- constipation (hyperCa)
- back/rib pain (osteoclasts)
- renal failure
Multiple Myeloma
What do medullary thyroid tumors secrete?
Calcitonin
What is the mutation that causes familial medullary thyroid cancer?
RET (tyrosine kinase receptor)
Amyloidosis of what organ contains amylin?
Pancreas
What causes an increased ESR during inflammation?
TNF-a, IL-1, and IL-6 mediate systemic inflammation, including ESR.
What is the most common benign liver tumor?
Cavernous hemangioma
