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Question 1

What syndrome consists of immunodeficiency, albinism, and neurologic defects?

Answer 1

Chediak-Higashi syndrome (AR inheritance)

Question 2

What is the epidermal lesion that looks brown and “stuck on”?

Answer 2

Seborrheic keratosis

Question 3

Ataxia, dysarthria, and loss of proprioception and vibration sense are common to what two pathologies?

Answer 3

Friedreich ataxia, vit E def

Question 4

What nerve exits the pons at the level of the middle cerebellar peduncles?

Answer 4

Trigeminal

Question 5

Hydroxyurea MoA? Use?

Answer 5

Increase HbF production for HbS patients

Question 6

Gardos channel blocker MoA? Use?

Answer 6

Calcium-dependent potassium channel blocker, prevents K and water efflux, reducing dehydration of erythrocytes in HbS patients

Question 7

What is the progression of salicylate poisoning acid/base disorders?

Answer 7

Early: resp alk
Hours later: mixed resp alk/meto acid
Late: meto acid

Question 8

Fenoldopam MoA? For?

Answer 8

selective DA-1 receptor agonist, causes arteriolar dilation and natriuresis

For hypertensive emergency

Question 9

How do drugs like oxybutynin help with detrusor instability?

Answer 9

Anticholinergic effect on M3 receptors, decreases IP3 and Ca release, relaxes smooth muscle

Question 10

How does propranolol help with thyroid storm?

Answer 10

Reduce sympathetic outflow (HR and anxiety), and decrease peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

Question 11

What infection can cause Guillain-Barre?

Answer 11

Campylobacter jejuni

Question 12

Lack of vas deferens and respiratory infections indicate what disease? Test?

Answer 12

CF, test sweat chloride level

Question 13

Giemsa stain for what?

Answer 13

Gee Rick, try borrowing plasma…chlamydia!

Rickettsia
Trypanosomes
Borrelia
Plasmodium
Chlamydia

Question 14

PAS stains for?

Answer 14

PAS the sugar! And the whip!

Whipple’s disease
Tropheryma whipplei

Question 15

Ziehl Neelsen stains for?

Answer 15

Nocardia, mycobacterium

Question 16

India ink stains for?

Answer 16

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 17

Silver stain for?

Answer 17

Legionella, H. pylori, fungi

Question 18

What are the two commonly used aldosterone antagonists?

Answer 18

Spironolactone

Eplerenone

Question 19

Where is the hemochromatosis gene located?

Answer 19

HLA-H (HFE) is located on the short arm of chromosome 6, affects iron absorption

Question 20

Which muscle and/or nerve defect is associated with a winged scapula?

Answer 20

Serratus anterior, long thoracic nerve

Question 21

What strain of E. coli is unable to ferment sorbitol and does not produce glucuronidase?

Answer 21

EHEC O157:H7, which produces Shiga-like toxin which inhibits protein synthesis

Question 22

What short acting hypnotic agent has less potential for tolerance/addiction, withdrawal, sz, muscle relaxation as compared to benzos?

Answer 22

Zoldipem

Question 23

Which abx binds to D-alanyl-D-alanine of cell wall peptide precursors, preventing peptidoglycan formation?

Answer 23

Vancomycin