3/16 Flashcards
What syndrome consists of immunodeficiency, albinism, and neurologic defects?
Chediak-Higashi syndrome (AR inheritance)
What is the epidermal lesion that looks brown and “stuck on”?
Seborrheic keratosis
Ataxia, dysarthria, and loss of proprioception and vibration sense are common to what two pathologies?
Friedreich ataxia, vit E def
What nerve exits the pons at the level of the middle cerebellar peduncles?
Trigeminal
Hydroxyurea MoA? Use?
Increase HbF production for HbS patients
Gardos channel blocker MoA? Use?
Calcium-dependent potassium channel blocker, prevents K and water efflux, reducing dehydration of erythrocytes in HbS patients
What is the progression of salicylate poisoning acid/base disorders?
Early: resp alk
Hours later: mixed resp alk/meto acid
Late: meto acid
Fenoldopam MoA? For?
selective DA-1 receptor agonist, causes arteriolar dilation and natriuresis
For hypertensive emergency
How do drugs like oxybutynin help with detrusor instability?
Anticholinergic effect on M3 receptors, decreases IP3 and Ca release, relaxes smooth muscle
How does propranolol help with thyroid storm?
Reduce sympathetic outflow (HR and anxiety), and decrease peripheral conversion of T4 to T3
What infection can cause Guillain-Barre?
Campylobacter jejuni
Lack of vas deferens and respiratory infections indicate what disease? Test?
CF, test sweat chloride level
Giemsa stain for what?
Gee Rick, try borrowing plasma…chlamydia!
Rickettsia Trypanosomes Borrelia Plasmodium Chlamydia
PAS stains for?
PAS the sugar! And the whip!
Whipple’s disease
Tropheryma whipplei
Ziehl Neelsen stains for?
Nocardia, mycobacterium
India ink stains for?
Cryptococcus neoformans
Silver stain for?
Legionella, H. pylori, fungi
What are the two commonly used aldosterone antagonists?
Spironolactone
Eplerenone
Where is the hemochromatosis gene located?
HLA-H (HFE) is located on the short arm of chromosome 6, affects iron absorption
Which muscle and/or nerve defect is associated with a winged scapula?
Serratus anterior, long thoracic nerve
What strain of E. coli is unable to ferment sorbitol and does not produce glucuronidase?
EHEC O157:H7, which produces Shiga-like toxin which inhibits protein synthesis
What short acting hypnotic agent has less potential for tolerance/addiction, withdrawal, sz, muscle relaxation as compared to benzos?
Zoldipem
Which abx binds to D-alanyl-D-alanine of cell wall peptide precursors, preventing peptidoglycan formation?
Vancomycin
