3/31 - UW 34 Flashcards
Where is VIP produced?
Pancreatic islet cells and neurons in the GI mucosa
What does VIP do?
Relaxes GI smooth muscle, inhibits gastric acid secretion, stimulates pancreatic bicarb and chloride secretion
What are the major immune mechanisms against Giardia?
CD4+ T cells and secretory IgA
The CFTR Cl channel is activated by what? And then gated by what?
Activated by cAMP, gated by ATP
What is the most common CFTR gene mutation?
3bp deletion, removing a phenylalanine in position 508 (deltaF508), causing impaired posttranslational processing
Criteria for narcolepsy?
- Recurrent lapses into sleep/nap, at least 3x/week for 3 months
- 1+ of these: cataplexy (brief loss of muscle tone during strong emotion), low CSF hypocretin-1, short REM latency
Criteria for schizophrenia?
1+ of these: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech
May include disorganized/catatonic behavior, negative sx
Signs of disturbance for 6+ months
What differentiates Schizoaffective and Schizophreniform from Schizophrenia?
Schizoaffective: schizophresnia with major depression or mania
Schizophreniform: Schizophrenic sx for 1-6 mo
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) MOA?
DECREASE insulin resistance by binding to PPAR-y, a TRANSCRIPTIONAL regulator
What is the primary gene regulated by PPAR-y?
Adiponectine (cytokine secreted by fat tissue), usually low in DM. Increasing it lowers insulin resistance
What does myelination do to the time constant and length constant?
Increases length constant, decreases time constant
What anatomic landmark can be used to distinguish direct and indirect hernias?
Inferior epigastric vessels
What is the most common cardiac complication of ankylosing spondylitis?
Ascending aortitis leading to dilatation of aortic ring and aortic insufficiency
What measurement is commonly used to measure fetal lung maturity?
Amniotic Lecithin/Sphingomyelin ratio
What is the most dangerous ADR of amphotericin B?
Nephrotoxicity, causing decreased GFR and direct tubular toxicity
