3/28 - UW 30 Flashcards
What type of inheritance is PKU?
AR
What are the first line treatments for afib with SVT?
CCB and beta blockers
In what subset of patients with afib might you give digoxin?
Those with underlying systolic dysfunction
What are some sx of digitalis toxicity?
Head: Fatigue, headache, dizziness, confusion, delirium
Vision: Blurry, color (yellow/green)
GI: N/v, diarrhea, abd pain
Increase in K is correlated to dig level
Tx of digitalis toxicity?
- Oral activated charcoal
- Insulin, Kayexalate, hemodialysis to manage hyperK (NOT calcium gluconate)
- Antibody to dig
How does HIT cause paradoxical thrombosis?
Ab to heparin and Platelet factor IV
What drugs are given for HIT?
Direct thrombin inhibitors (hirudin, lepirudin, argatroban), which do not require antithrombin-III
What drug blocks glutamate residun carboxylation of clotting factors?
Warfarin inhibits vit K dependent y-carboxylation of glutamic acid residues of factors 2, 7, 9, 10
Where are Pancoast tumors and what syndrome do they cause?
They are apical lung tumors that cause Horner syndrome in 50% of patients
What is the triad of Horner syndrome?
Ipsilateral miosis, ptosis, anhidrosis
What condition presents with spongiotic dermatitis (with epidermal spongiosis)?
Eczematous dermatitis
Acanthosis is associated with what condition?
Psoriasis
What is acantholysis?
Loss of cohesion between keratinocytes in the epidermis or adnexal structures. Associated with spongiotic dermatitis, as in eczematous dermatitis
What brain areas are most vulnerable to ischemia from cardiac arrest?
Pyramidal cells of hippocampus (#1)/neocortex
Purkinje cells of the cerebellum
What is thyroid peroxidase responsible for?
Thyroglobulin iodination
What kind of skin presentation is seen with Bartonella in immunocompromised patients?
Bacillary angiomatosis: red/purple papules that resemble Kaposi sarcoma lesions
Tell me about Rickettsia rickettsia.
Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
Tick-borne.
Dogs and exposure to wooded areas or grassy fields.
Prompt doxycycline treatment
What organism characterizes swimming pools and cervical LAD?
Mycobacterium scrofulaceum
What do you get from animal urine?
Leptospirosis, causing conjunctival suffusion
What is the most common cause of inhaled anesthetic hepatotoxicity?
Halothane, can cause liver to be shrunken
Reduced serum albumin levels indicate what time course of liver disease?
Chronic, NOT in acute liver injury, because albumin has half life of 20 days
What is the half life of albumin?
20 days
What lab findings will be seen in patients with inhaled-anesthetic induced hepatotoxicity?
Elevated AST/ALT Prolonged PT (deficiency of factor VII, which has the shortest half life)
Ammonia toxicity in the brain can result from depletion of what molecules?
Glutamate or alpha-ketoglutarate
