300s (304.08-305.09) Flashcards
What are our ladders made out of?
Heat treated alloy aluminium
When should aluminium ladders not be used?
When they could come into contact with open circuits, high lines, transformers (especially when wet)
Why do we stand ladders fly out?
It tightens its hold on the base section
How many FFs allowed on ladders?
Take the first digit of the length (35 foot 3FFs)
Roof ladders on pitched roof is 2
FF should space themselves 10 feet apart
What are the ladder safety tips?
1: Helmet Gloves, Steel Toe
2: Use utility or ladder belt
3: Hose strap every 10 feet and top, use leg lock
4: Watch for power lines
5: Do not reach through unless knot tied
6: Examine once a month and after each use
7: Service test yearly
8: Heat indicator that has turned black is bad
How big is an attic ladder?
Height: 10 foot
Rung Centers: 14”
Open width: 12 3/4”
Locking device near heel
What size straight ladders does the department use?
1: 14 foot on Engines
2: 16 foot on ladders
What are the two types of rope construction?
1: Natural
2: Synthetic
What is the preferred rope of MFMD?
Nylon
What are the benefits of nylon rope?
1: Strongest
2: Best impact loading
3: Will not rot or mildew
4: Moderate abrasion resistance
5: Life lines
6: Utility lines
How much rope do we carry?
Utility 100 feet (three strand)
Lifeline 100 feet kernmantle nylon
How many times can lifelines be used?
Once
What are the characteristics of Kernmantle rope?
1: Jacketed synthetic with a braid covering (mantle) over a core (kern main load bearing 75%)
2: Sheath provides rest of strength and protects rope
What is the difference in static and dynamic rope?
1: Static little give 2/4% (MFMD rope)
2: Dynamic made to stretch (20%)
What are the weight limits of life lines?
1: Never more than 2 persons
2: Never exceed 600 pounds
Avoid shock loading the rope, whenever a rope has been shock loaded or has exceeded the weight on it what should be done?
Replaced
Knots weaken rope strength, how much does each knot reduce rope strength?
Bowline: 50% Figure 8 on a bite: 40% Right angle bend: 50% (pad edges) Through an eye splice: 20% Eye splice with carabineer: 0%
How often should rope be inspected?
Before and after use
periodically
Rope should not be exposed to chemicals even fumes especially when wet, what can happen if it does?
Discoloration (brown) fibers can readily be broken
What are ways to handle the rope to prevent damage?
1: Removal properly from coil (dont put load on kinked snarled rope)
2: Sharp bends avoided
3: Dont drag
4: Keep in cool place good circulation
5: Dont store until dry
6: Prevent contact with metal especially rust
7: NEVER step on ropes (grind dirt into core damage and weaken)
How can we wash rope?
1: In machine mild soap and cold water
2: Daisy chain in washer
3: Lay rope out to dry (not in sun)
4: Never machine dry
When it is necessary to use a knot what should be considered?
1: Use the knot which will weaken the least
2: Least amount of abrupt bending
3: Make knot nice so runs smoothly without extra bends or twists (dress the knot makes it stronger)
What are the 3 types of bends in a rope?
Bight Loop Round Turn
What is the working end of a rope?
Part used to form a know
What is the standing part of a rope?
Part between the working end and running part
What is the running part of a rope?
Part used for work (hoist, pull, belay)
What is drawing up a rope?
Slow even tightening of a knot
What are the 5 basic fire service knots?
1: Clove hitch keeper (Attach rounds with no slip: railings)
2: Bowline (Form non slip loop at tail: tie around object)
3: Becket bend (Attach two ropes of unequal size)
4: Figure 8 (Primary rescue knot)
5: Rescue knot (Body harness)
What can the air bag system be used for?
Lift heavy ridged objects (up to 146,000 pounds)
How much clearance do air bags need?
Less than 1 inch
What is the total height lift of 2 airbags (larger on bottom)?
40 inches
100cm
How much PSI is required from air source for air bags?
118psi
What are the 6 components of air bags?
1: Air source
2: Regulator
3: Control valve
4: In line relief valve
5: Hose
6: Bag
What are the pressures of air bags?
Full inflation: 118psi
Tested at 236psi (twice working pressure)
Burst rated 472psi (twice tested pressure)
What are air bag hoses rated at?
300psi
Here do you attach the safety in line relief valve on air bags?
Directly to the bag
What should be done after raising something with the air bag?
Crib
How often should air bags be replaced?
Every 10 years (first 2 digits of the serial number represent the date made)
What is the FL formula?
FL=2Q^2xFF
Q = GPM/100
What is the Pump discharge pressure formula?
NP=FL=AP(+-)EL
What are the Friction factors?
2 1/2: 1
Two 2 1/2: 0.25
5: .03
What pressures and what GPM do you pump the new 2 1/2 inch nozzles?
40psi: 265gpm
50psi: 296gpm
60psi: 325gpm
With the rules of 8s how do you project gpm?
add 2 to numerator once converted to 1/8s
1 5/8” tip = 700gpm
When does appliance factor in for friction loss, and how much do you factor?
Greater than 350gpm
10psi
How many PSI do you calculate for a master stream?
25psi
How many psi do you count for each floor up or down, or 10 feet?
+- 5
based off of residual loss how many additional lines can be pumped?
0-10% 3 more like lines
11-15% 2
16-25% 1
>25% a little more water
What do we pump sprinklers at?
150
How far away should we park if pumping an FDC?
200 feet
When pumping a standpipe how much psi do we factor for the building plumbing?
25psi
What if the brass is missing from an FDC?
Get the 2 1/2” FDC thread adapter
What is the maximum amount of practical lift for drafting on fireground operations?
24 feet (pumps designed for the optimum capacity at 10 feet)
What is the criteria for selecting a good drafting location?
1: Amount of water available
2: Depth of water
3: Accessibility
4: Quality of water
How do we draft?
1: Use hard suction
2: Try to place hose with 18” clearance above and below
3: Prime pump until full of water (15-20 seconds)
4: Increase throttle until 50 psi
5: Open appropriate discharge slowly
6: Set pressure control to desired psi
7: Discharge water back to water source if not flowing water to keep pump cool
8: Watch your vacuum
