💎 2.2 Principles & Theories of Learning & Performance: Guidance

Question 1

What are the 4 methods of guidance

Answer 1

Visual
Verbal
Manual
Mechanical

Question 2

What is visual guidance

Answer 2

A demonstration of that required task

Question 3

Intention of visual guidance

Answer 3

To create a mental image for a beginner that can be used as a reference point for future practise

Question 4

Factors to consider when delivering visual guidance

Answer 4

• given by coach or another player or in media forms such as video or social media
• the skill should be seen within the capabilities of the player attempting to copy the demonstration to maintain motivation
• coach should repeat and allow time for practise
• show from different angles and allow mental rehearsal
• key points should be highlighted and reinforcement should be used to encourage retention of the skill

Question 5

3 advantages of visual guidance

Answer 5

• can be used to highlight a specific weakness
• tries to show what the skill should look like as a result of practise
• creates a mental image

Question 6

2 disadvantages of visual guidance

Answer 6

• demonstration must be accurate otherwise the performer may not have the ability to performer the skill
• too much info is given, performer may become confused

Question 7

What is visual guidance used in conjunction with

Answer 7

Almost always is visual guidance used in conjunction with verbal guidance because during the demonstration, an explanation is given

Question 8

What is verbal guidance

Answer 8

An explanation of the task

Question 9

3 advantages of verbal guidance

Answer 9

1. Helps to build the correct mental image in the memory
2. Beneficial for a more experienced player when technical and detailed advice is given to complement actions
3. Beneficial to explain aspects of conditioning and fitness perhaps when a more physical type of sessions is planned

Question 10

3 disadvantages of verbal guidance

Answer 10

• if too much information is given to the performer then it may cause confusion and place too much demand on memory system
• may lose concentration unless it is brief, relevant and meaningful
• language used by the coach should be understandable , beginner may not understand more technical terms

Question 11

What is manual guidance

Answer 11

Guidance through physical support

Question 12

Example of manual guidance

Answer 12

When the coach holds the arm of a tennis player to help them learn the movement of a forehand stroke

Question 13

3 advantages of manual guidance

Answer 13

1. Eliminates danger
2. Helps to build the confidence of a performer who might not be able to gain a feel for the whole task without support
3. Fear and anxiety of a dangerous/difficult task may be reduced

Question 14

3 disadvantages of manual guidance

Answer 14

1. May have a detrimental effect on performance if it is overused
2. Too much reliance may interfere with feel of task
3. May also begin to depend of the support too much

Question 15

What is mechanical guidance

Answer 15

Guidance where a device is used to help performance

Question 17

3 disadvantages of mechanical guidance

Answer 17

• if used for too much time can interfere with the feel of the task
• performer may depend on it too much and loss confidence if too dependant
• motivation could be lost if they think the skill is not being completed independently

Question 18

3 advantages of mechanical guidance

Answer 18

1. Builds confidence, successful completion through assistance will boost confidence
2. Eliminates danger
3. Gives an early feel for the whole skill